Ngemva kokukha itiye, kungokwemvelo ukugwema inkinga yeukuthena izihlahla zetiye. Namuhla, ake siqonde ukuthi kungani ukuthenwa kwesihlahla setiye kudingekile nokuthi singasithena kanjani?

1. Isisekelo sokuphila sokuthenwa kwesihlahla setiye

Izihlahla zetiye zinesici senzuzo yokukhula kwe-apical. Ukukhula kwe-apical kwesiqu esikhulu kuyashesha, kuyilapho ama-lateral buds akhula kancane noma ahlala elele. Inzuzo ye-apical ivimbela ukuhluma kwehlumela le-lateral noma ivimbela ukukhula kwamagatsha aseceleni. Ngokuthena ukuze kukhishwe inzuzo ephezulu, umphumela wokuvimbela wehlumela eliphezulu kuma-lateral buds ungasuswa. Ukuthenwa kwesihlahla setiye kunganciphisa iminyaka yokukhula kwezihlahla zetiye, ngaleyo ndlela kubuyisele ukukhula nobungqabavu bazo. Mayelana nokukhula kwesihlahla setiye, ukuthena kwephula ibhalansi yokuphila phakathi kwezingxenye ezingaphezulu komhlaba nezingaphansi komhlaba, okudlala indima ekuqiniseni ukukhula okungaphezulu komhlaba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhula okunamandla komqhele wesihlahla kwakha imikhiqizo eyengeziwe yokufanisa, futhi uhlelo lwempande lungathola imisoco eyengeziwe, okukhuthaza ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwesistimu yezimpande.

Ukwengeza, ukuthena kunomthelela omkhulu ekuguquleni isilinganiso se-carbon nitrogen kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezakhi. Amaqabunga athambile ezihlahla zetiye anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen, kanti amaqabunga amadala anekhabhoni ephezulu. Uma amagatsha aphezulu engathenwa isikhathi eside, amagatsha azoguga, ama-carbohydrates azokwanda, okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kuzokwehla, isilinganiso se-carbon ku-nitrogen sizoba phezulu, ukukhula kwezakhi kuzokwehla, futhi izimbali nezithelo kuzokwanda. Ukuthena kunganciphisa izinga lokukhula kwezihlahla zetiye, kanti amanzi kanye nezakhamzimba ezimuncwa izimpande zizokhula. Ngemva kokusika amagatsha athile, isilinganiso sekhabhoni nenitrogen yamagatsha amasha sizoba sincane, okuzoqinisa ukukhula komsoco wezingxenye ezingenhla.

2. Isikhathi sokuthenwa kwesihlahla setiye

Ukuthena izihlahla zetiye ngaphambi kokuba zihlume entwasahlobo yisikhathi esinomthelela omncane emzimbeni wesihlahla. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kunempahla eyanele yokugcina ezimpandeni, futhi yisikhathi lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kancane kancane, imvula igcwele, futhi ukukhula kwezihlahla zetiye kufaneleka kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, intwasahlobo iyisiqalo somjikelezo wokukhula wonyaka, futhi ukuthena kuvumela amahlumela amasha ukuba abe nesikhathi eside sokukhula ngokugcwele.

Ukukhethwa kwesikhathi sokuthena kumele kunqunywe izimo zezulu ezifundeni ezahlukene. Ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphezulu unyaka wonke, ukuthenwa kungenziwa ekupheleni kwenkathi yetiye; Ezindaweni zetiye nasezindaweni zetiye eziphakeme kakhulu lapho kunosongo lokulimala okuqanda ikhanda ebusika, ukuthenwa kwentwasahlobo kufanele kuhlehliswe. Kodwa kukhona nezinye izindawo ezisebenzisa ukunciphisa ukuphakama komqhele wesihlahla ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokubanda ukuze kuvinjwe amagatsha angaphezulu komqhele wesihlahla ukuthi angaqandi. Lokhu kuthena kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ekwindla; Izindawo zetiye ezinezikhathi ezomile nezinezimvula akufanele zithenwe ngaphambi kokufika kwenkathi eyomile, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyoba nzima ukuhluma ngemva kokuthena.

3. Izindlela zokuthena isihlahla setiye

Ukuthenwa kwezihlahla zetiye ezivuthiwe kwenziwa ngesisekelo sokuthena okungaguquki, ikakhulukazi kusetshenziswa inhlanganisela yokuthena okulula nokuthena okujulile ukuze kugcinwe ukukhula okunamandla kanye nokucosha umqhele wesihlahla setiye, esihluma kakhulu futhi esinamandla, ukuze silondoloze. inzuzo yesivuno esiphezulu esiqhubekayo.

Ukuthena okuncane: Ngokujwayelekile, ukuthena okuncane kwenziwa kanye ngonyaka endaweni yokuvuna umqhele wesihlahla setiye, ngokunyuka kobude obungu-3-5 cm ukusuka kokuthenwa kwangaphambilini. Uma umqhele ucocekile futhi unamandla, ukuthenwa kungenziwa kanye ngonyaka. Inhloso yokuthena kancane ukugcina isisekelo sokuhluma esihlanzekile nesiqinile endaweni yokukha isihlahla setiye, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezakhi, nokunciphisa ukuqhakaza nokuthela. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokukha itiye lasentwasahlobo, ukuthenwa okulula kwenziwa ngokushesha, kunqanyulwe amahlumela entwasahlobo onyaka odlule kanye namanye amahlumela asekwindla angonyaka odlule.

Ukuthena okujulile: Ngemva kweminyaka yokukha nokuthena okuncane, amagatsha amaningi amancane namafindo akhula phezu komqhele wesihlahla. Ngenxa yamaqhuqhuva ayo amaningi, avimbela ukulethwa kwezakhi, amahlumela namaqabunga akhiqizwayo mancane futhi amancane, anamaqabunga amaningi ahlanganiswe phakathi kwawo, anganciphisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi. Ngakho-ke, njalo eminyakeni embalwa, lapho isihlahla setiye sibhekana nesimo esingenhla, ukuthenwa okujulile kufanele kwenziwe, kunqunywe ungqimba lwamagatsha ezinyawo zenkukhu 10-15 cm ukujula ngaphezu komqhele ukuze kubuyiselwe amandla esihlahla futhi kuthuthukise ikhono laso lokuhluma. Ngemva kokuthena okujulile okukodwa, qhubeka nokuthena okuncane okuncane. Uma izinyawo zezinkukhu amagatsha avela futhi esikhathini esizayo, okubangela ukwehla kwesivuno, okunye ukuthena okujulile kungenziwa. Lokhu kushintshaniswa okuphindaphindiwe kungagcina ukukhula okunamandla kwezihlahla zetiye futhi kugcine isivuno esiphezulu. Ukuthena okujulile kuvame ukuvela ngaphambi kokuhluma kwetiye lasentwasahlobo.

Kokubili amathuluzi okuthena alula najulile asetshenziswa nei-hedge trimmer, ene-blade ebukhali kanye nokusikwa okuyisicaba ukuze kugwenywe ukusika emagatsheni futhi kuthinte ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda ngangokunokwenzeka.

4.Ukuxhumana phakathi kokuthenwa kwesihlahla setiye nezinye izinyathelo

(1) Kufanele uhambisane eduze nokuphathwa kukamanyolo namanzi. Ukusetshenziswa okujulile kwe-organicumanyolokanye nomanyolo we-phosphorus potassium ngaphambi kokuthena, kanye nokusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanele kokugqoka okuphezulu lapho amahlumela amasha ehluma ngemva kokuthena kungakhuthaza ukukhula okunamandla nokushesha kwamahlumela amasha, kube nomphumela olindelekile wokuthena;

(2) Kufanele kuhlanganiswe nokuvuna nokulondolozwa. Ngenxa yokuthena okujulile, indawo yamaqabunga etiye iyancishiswa, futhi indawo ye-photosynthetic iyancipha. Amagatsha okukhiqiza ngaphansi kwendawo yokuthena ngokuvamile awancane futhi awakwazi ukwakha indawo yokukha. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukugcina nokwandisa ubukhulu bamagatsha, futhi ngalesi sisekelo, kuhlume amagatsha okukhula kwesibili, futhi kuhlakulele indawo yokukha futhi ngokuthena; (3) Kufanele ihambisane nezinyathelo zokulawula izinambuzane. Kudingeka ukuthi uhlole ngokushesha futhi ulawule ama-aphid etiye, i-geometer yetiye, amabhu etiye, nama-leafhoppers etiye alimaza amahlumela amathenda. Amagatsha namaqabunga ashiywe ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezihlahla zetiye eziguga kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha engadini ukuze zilashwe, futhi inhlabathi ezungeze iziphunzi zezihlahla nezihlahla zetiye kufanele ifuthwe kahle ngezibulala-zinambuzane ukuze kuqedwe isisekelo sokuzalana kwezifo nezinambuzane.