Impushana yetiye elimnyama icutshungulwa emaqabunga etiye amasha ngokubuna, ukugingqika, ukuvutshelwa, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nokomiswa, kanye nokugaya i-ultrafine. Izici zayo zekhwalithi zihlanganisa izinhlayiya ezithambile nezifanayo, umbala obomvu onsundu, ukunambitheka okuthambile nokumnandi, iphunga elimnandi, nombala wesobho obomvu ojulile.

Uma kuqhathaniswa netiye elimnyama elivamile, impushana yetiye emnyama inosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane kakhulu (imvamisa icishe ibe ngamanetha angama-300), futhi umbala wayo, ukunambitheka, kanye nephunga elimnandi ngokuyisisekelo kufana netiye elimnyama elivamile. Amaqabunga etiye amasha entwasahlobo, ehlobo, nasekwindla wonke angacutshungulwa abe yimpushana yetiye emnyama kakhulu, futhi amaqabunga amasha ehlobo nasekwindla ayizinto ezinhle kakhulu zokusetshenziswa.

Izinyathelo zokucutshungulwa kwempushana yetiye elimnyama: Amaqabunga amasha → Ukubuna (ukubuna kwemvelo, ukubuna endaweni ebunayo, noma ukubuna ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga) → Ukugingqika → Ukuhlephuka nokuhlunga, ukuvutshelwa → Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nokomisa → Ukugaya okuhle kakhulu → Kuqediwe ukupakishwa komkhiqizo.

(1) Ukubuna

Inhloso yokubuna iyafana nokucubungula itiye elimnyama elivamile.

Kunezindlela ezintathu zokubuna: isitsha esibunayo esibunayo, ukubuna kwemvelo, nokubuna kwelanga. Izindlela eziqondile ziyafana nokucubungula itiye elimnyama. I-Wilting degree: Indawo yeqabunga ilahlekelwa ukucwebezela kwayo, umbala weqabunga uluhlaza okotshani, ikhwalithi yeqabunga ithambile, ingaxotshwa ebholeni ngesandla, isiqu sisongwa njalo, awekho amahlumela abunile, imiphetho eshile, noma ebomvu. amaqabunga, nephunga lotshani obuluhlaza selinyamalele kancane, linephunga elimnandi. Uma umswakama usetshenziselwa ukulawula, umswakama kufanele ulawulwe phakathi kuka-58% no-64%. Ngokuvamile, kuba ngu-58% kuya ku-61% entwasahlobo, 61% kuya ku-64% ehlobo nasekwindla, futhi izinga lokulahlekelwa isisindo samaqabunga amasha kufanele libe phakathi kuka-30% no-40%.

(2) Ukugingqika

Ukugingqa itiye elimnyamaimpushana ayidingi ukucatshangelwa ukuthi yakheke kanjani. Inhloso yawo ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana amaqabunga, ukuvumela i-polyphenol oxidase emaqabunga ukuthi ihlangane nama-polyphenolic compounds, futhi ikhuthaze ukuvutshelwa ngesenzo somoya-mpilo emoyeni.

Ubuchwepheshe bokugoqa: Izinga lokushisa legumbi lokugoqa impushana yetiye lilawulwa ku-20-24 ℃, nomswakama ohlobene ongu-85% -90%. Kungenziwa kusetshenziswa umshini wokugoqa ongu-6CR55. Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe: Umthamo wokuphakela amaqabunga emgqonyeni owodwa noma umshini cishe u-35kg; Ukuhlikihla nokusonta kufanele kwenziwe ngezigaba cishe imizuzu engama-70, izinto zebanga lokuqala noma ngaphezulu zixovelwa kathathu, isikhathi ngasinye imizuzu engama-20, engama-30, nengama-20 ngokulandelana; Gcoba izinto zokusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezinga lesi-2 kabili, isikhathi ngasinye imizuzu engama-35, futhi ungafaki ingcindezi emizuzwini engama-35 yokuqala.

I-Rolling degree: Amaqabunga ayagoqa futhi anamathele ngesandla, okuvumela ijusi yetiye ukuthi ixove ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa. Amaqabunga abomvu ngokwengxenye futhi akhipha iphunga elimnandi.

(3) Ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlolwa

Ngemva kokugingqa ngakunye, itiye kufanele lihlukaniswe futhi lihlungwe, futhi itiye elihlungiwe kufanele livutshelwe ngokwehlukana.

(4) Ukuvutshelwa

Inhloso yokuvutshelwa ukuthuthukisa izinga lokwenza kusebenze ama-enzyme, ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwe-oxidation yezinhlanganisela ze-polyphenolic, ukukhiqiza iphunga elimnandi emaqabunga, futhi kwakhiwe umbala nokunambitha kwe-ultrafine black tea powder. Ubuchwepheshe be-Fermentation: izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lika-25-28 ℃, umswakama ohlobene ongaphezu kuka-95%. Sabalalisa amaqabunga amathenda anogqinsi luka-6-8cm namaqabunga aphakathi nendawo anogqinsi oluyi-9-10cm, bese uvubela u-2.5-3.0h; Amaqabunga amadala angama-10-12 cm kanti isikhathi sokuvutshelwa singamahora angu-3.0-3.5. I-Fermentation degree: Amaqabunga abomvu ngombala futhi akhipha iphunga elinamandla le-apula.

(5) Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nokomisa

① Inhloso yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nokomisa: Ukusebenzisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukucekela phansi umsebenzi we-enzyme, misa ukuvutshelwa, futhi ulungise ikhwalithi eyakhiwe. Ukuhwamuka kwamanzi kuyaqhubeka nokukhulula iphunga lotshani obuluhlaza, kuqhubeke nokuthuthukisa iphunga letiye.

② Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nokomisa ubuchwepheshe: Ngemvaukuvutshelwa, amaqabunga akhe umbala wetiye omnyama ozinzile. Ngakho-ke, izinkinga zokuvikela umbala zinganakwa lapho kusetshenzwa i-ultrafine black tea powder ngokusebenzisa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nokomisa, futhi okokusebenza kungasetshenziswa ngesomisi esivamile. Ukomisa kuhlukaniswe ngokomisa kokuqala nokomisa okwanele, nesikhathi sokupholisa samahora angu-1-2 phakathi. Isimiso sokushisa okuphezulu nesivinini sisebenza kahle kakhulu ngesikhathi sokumiswa kokuqala, izinga lokushisa lilawulwa ku-100-110 ℃ imizuzu engu-15-17. Ngemuva kokoma kokuqala, umswakama weqabunga ngu-18% -25%. Pholisa ngokushesha ngemva kokomisa kokuqala, futhi ngemva kwamahora angu-1-2 wokusatshalaliswa kabusha kwamanzi, yenza ukomisa unyawo. Ukomiswa kwezinyawo kufanele kulandele izimiso zokushisa okuphansi kanye nokomisa kancane. Ukushisa kufanele kulawulwe ku-90-100 ℃ imizuzu engu-15-18. Ngemuva kokumiswa kwezinyawo, umswakama wamaqabunga kufanele ube ngaphansi kuka-5%. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaqabunga kufanele achotshozwe abe yimpushana ngesandla, enombala omnyama futhi obushelelezi kanye nephunga elimnandi.

(6) I-Ultrafine pulverization

Le nqubo inquma usayizi wezinhlayiyanablack tea powderimikhiqizo futhi idlala indima ebalulekile kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Njengempushana yetiye eliluhlaza, impushana yetiye emnyama inezikhathi ezihlukene zokugaya ngenxa yokuthamba okuhlukile kwezinto ezingavuthiwe. Uma izinto zokusetshenziswa zindala, isikhathi sokugaya siba side. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, imishini yokuchoboza esebenzisa isimiso sesando senduku eqondile isetshenziselwa ukuchotshozwa, ngokuphakelwa kwe-blade eyodwa ye-15kg kanye nesikhathi sokuchoboza imizuzu engu-30.

(7) Ukufakwa komkhiqizo okuqediwe

Njengempushana yetiye eluhlaza, imikhiqizo yetiye emnyama inezinhlayiya ezincane futhi ikwazi kalula ukumunca umswakama ovela emoyeni ekamelweni lokushisa, okwenza umkhiqizo uqhume futhi wonakale ngesikhathi esifushane. Impushana yetiye egayiwe egayiwe kufanele ihlanganiswe ngokushesha futhi igcinwe endaweni ebandayo enomswakama ongaphansi kuka-50% kanye nezinga lokushisa elingu-0-5 ℃ ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.