Ukuphathwa kwesihlahla setiye kubhekise ochungechungeni lwezinyathelo zokutshala nokuphatha izihlahla zetiye, okuhlanganisa ukuthenwa, ukuphatha umzimba wesihlahla ngomshini, nokuphathwa kwamanzi nomanyolo ezingadini zetiye, okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa isivuno nekhwalithi yetiye kanye nokukhulisa izinzuzo zengadi yetiye.

Ukuthenwa kwesihlahla setiye

Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezihlahla zetiye, zinezinzuzo eziphezulu ezisobala. Ukuthena kungalungisa ukusatshalaliswa kwezakhi, kuthuthukise ukwakheka kwesihlahla, kwandise ukuminyana kwamagatsha, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ikhwalithi kanye nesivuno setiye.

Nokho, ukuthenwa kwezihlahla zetiye akulungisiwe. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha ngendlela eguquguqukayo izindlela zokuthena kanye nesikhathi ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, isigaba sokukhula, kanye nendawo ethile yokulinywa kwezihlahla zetiye, ukunquma ukujula kokuthenwa kanye nemvamisa, uqinisekise ukukhula okuhle kwezihlahla zetiye, ukhuthaze ukukhula kwehlumela elisha, futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi nesivuno setiye. .

Ukuthena okulingene

Kuphakathiukuthena itiyekufanele kwenziwe ngokusekelwe ezicini zokukhula kanye nezindinganiso zamaqabunga etiye ukuze kugcinwe izikhala ezinengqondo phakathi kwezihlahla zetiye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwazo okunempilo.

Ngemva kokubunjwa nokuthenwa,izihlahla zetiye ezincaneingakwazi ukulawula ngempumelelo ukukhula okudlulele phezulu kwesihlahla setiye, ikhuthaze ukukhula kwegatsha elihlangothini, ikhulise ububanzi besihlahla, futhi isize ukufinyelela ukuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nesivuno esikhulu.

Ngobaizihlahla zetiye ezivuthiwekuvuna izikhathi eziningi, indawo yomqhele ayilingani. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yama-buds namaqabunga, ukuthena okulula kusetshenziselwa ukususa amaqabunga aluhlaza angama-3-5 cm namagatsha angalingani endaweni yomqhele, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhluma kwamahlumela amasha.

Ukuthena okulula nokuthenwa okujulile kweizihlahla zetiye ezincane neziphakathiingasusa "amagatsha e-chicken claw", yenze umqhele wesihlahla setiye isicaba, yandise ububanzi bomuthi, ivimbele ukukhula kokuzala, ikhuthaze ukukhula okunomsoco kwesihlahla setiye, ithuthukise ikhono lokuhluma lesihlahla setiye, kanjalo andise isivuno. Imvamisa, ukuthenwa okujulile kwenziwa njalo eminyakeni emi-3-5, kusetshenziswa umshini wokuthena ukususa amagatsha angu-10-15 cm namaqabunga phezulu komqhele wesihlahla. Indawo yomqhele wesihlahla esithenwe igobile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhono lokuhluma lamagatsha.

Ngobaizihlahla zetiye eziguga, ukuthena kungenziwa ukuze kuguqulwe ngokuphelele isakhiwo somqhele wesihlahla. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla setiye ngokuvamile kutholakala ngo-8-10 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi, futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unqenqema lokusika luthambekele futhi lubushelelezi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhluma kwama-buds afihlekile ezimpandeni zesihlahla setiye.

Ukugcinwa okufanele

Ngemuva kokuthena, ukusetshenziswa kwezakhi zezihlahla zetiye kuzokwanda kakhulu. Lapho izihlahla zetiye zintula ukwesekwa okwanele okunomsoco, ngisho nokuzithena kuzodla izakhamzimba eziningi, ngaleyo ndlela kusheshise inqubo yazo yokuncipha.

Ngemuva kokuthena engadini yetiye ekwindla, umanyolo ophilayo kanye ne-phosphorus potassiumumanyoloingasetshenziswa kuhlanganiswe nokulima okujulile phakathi kwemigqa engadini yetiye. Ngokuvamile, kuwo wonke ama-square metres angu-667 ezingadi zetiye ezivuthiwe, kufanele kufakwe umanyolo we-organic 1500 kg noma ngaphezulu, kuhlanganiswe no-40-60 kg we-phosphorus ne-potassium fertilizer, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izihlahla zetiye zilulama futhi zikhule ngokugcwele. ngokunempilo. Ukuvundisa kufanele kwenziwe kuncike esimweni sangempela sokukhula kwezihlahla zetiye, kubhekwe ibhalansi ye-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium izakhi, futhi kusetshenziswe indima kamanyolo ukuze izihlahla zetiye ezithenwe zikwazi ukubuyisela ukukhiqizwa ngokushesha.

Ezihlahleni zetiye ezithenwe ngendlela evamile, umgomo “wokugcina okuningi nokuvuna kuncane” kufanele kwamukelwe, kugxilwe kakhulu ekutshaleni nasekuvuneni njengesengezo; Ngemva kokuthena okujulile, izihlahla zetiye zabantu abadala kufanele zigcine amagatsha athile ngokwezinga elithile lokuthena, futhi ziqinise amagatsha ngokugcina. Ngalesi sisekelo, thena amagatsha esibili azokhula kamuva ukuze uhlakulele izindawo ezintsha zokukha. Ngokuvamile, izihlahla zetiye ezithenwe kakhulu zidinga ukugcinwa izinkathi zonyaka ezingu-1-2 ngaphambi kokuba zingene esigabeni sokuvuna esincane futhi zibuyiselwe ekukhiqizeni. Ukunganaki umsebenzi wokunakekela noma ukuvuna ngokweqile ngemva kokuthena kungase kuholele ekwehleni ngaphambi kwesikhathi ekukhuleni kwesihlahla setiye.

Ngemvaukuthena izihlahla zetiye, amanxeba asengozini yokuhlaselwa amagciwane nezinambuzane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amahlumela amasha asikiwe agcina ethambile futhi eqinile amagatsha namaqabunga, enikeza indawo ekahle yokukhula kwezinambuzane nezifo. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula izinambuzane ngesikhathi kubalulekile ngemva kokuthenwa kwesihlahla setiye.

Ngemva kokuthena izihlahla zetiye, amanxeba asengozini yokuhlaselwa amagciwane kanye nezinambuzane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amahlumela amasha asikiwe agcina ethambile futhi eqinile amagatsha namaqabunga, enikeza indawo ekahle yokukhula kwezinambuzane nezifo. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula izinambuzane ngesikhathi kubalulekile ngemva kokuthenwa kwesihlahla setiye.

Ezihlahleni zetiye ezithenwe noma ezithenwe, ikakhulukazi amaqabunga amakhulu atshalwa eningizimu, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ufafaze ingxube ye-Bordeaux noma ama-fungicides onqenqemeni lokusika ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka kwamanxeba. Ezihlahleni zetiye ezisesigabeni sokuvuselelwa kwamahlumela amasha, ukuvimbela kanye nokulawulwa ngesikhathi kwezinambuzane nezifo ezifana nama-aphid, ama-tea leafhoppers, ama-geometrids wetiye, nokugqwala kwetiye kumahlumela amasha kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhula okuvamile kwamahlumela amasha.