Uma sikhuluma ngetiye, sibonakala sizwa iphunga elimnandi eliluhlaza, elimnandi nelimnandi. Itiye, elizalwa phakathi kwezulu nomhlaba, lenza abantu bazizwe bezolile futhi benokuthula. Amaqabunga etiye, kusukela ekukhani iqabunga elilodwa kuya ekubuneni, ukomiswa kwelanga, futhi ekugcineni aphenduke iphunga elimnandi olimini, ahlobene eduze "nombala oluhlaza". Ngakho-ke, zingaki izindlela ezingenziwa itiye?

1. Ukulungisa itiye
Okubizwa ngokuthi ukulungiswa kubhekisela ekubhujisweni kwezicubu zamaqabunga amasha. Iukulungiswa kwetiyeinqubo ihilela ukuthatha izinyathelo zokushisa okuphezulu ukuguqula ngokushesha okuqukethwe kwamahlamvu amasha. Njengoba kwaziwa, itiye liqukethe into ebizwa ngokuthi i-enzyme, okuyi-biological macromolecule enomsebenzi we-biocatalytic. I-biocatalyst engasheshisa noma yehlise isivinini sokusabela kwamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo, kodwa ayishintshi indlela kanye nemikhiqizo yokusabela. Ama-Enzymes akhiwe kakhulu ngamaprotheni (okumbalwa okuyi-RNA), futhi umsebenzi wawo uthonywa kalula izici ezifana nezinga lokushisa nendawo yamakhemikhali (njengenani le-pH).
Ama-enzyme athola ukulimala okungenakulungiseka esakhiweni sawo samangqamuzana amaprotheni ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okuphelele komsebenzi wama-enzyme. “Ukubuna” kwamaqabunga etiye kusebenzisa impahla yokushisa ephezulu yama-enzyme ukuvimbela ukusebenza kwe-oxidase emaqabunga amasha.

Inhloso eyinhloko yokulungiswa kwetiye ukusebenzisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukucekela phansi umsebenzi we-polyphenol oxidase emaqabunga amasha ngesikhathi esifushane, ukuvimbela i-polyphenol enzyme catalyzed oxidation, futhi unike amandla okuqukethwe ukwakha izici zekhwalithi zetiye le-Pu'er njengombala. , iphunga, nokunambitha ngaphansi kwesenzo esingeyona i-enzymatic. I-Qingqing ingaphinda isuse umswakama othile, iguqule amaqabunga ukusuka kokuqinile ukuya ekuthambile, okwenza kube lula ukuxova nokulolongwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubuna kungasusa iphunga elinotshani lamaqabunga amasha, okuvumela amaqabunga etiye ukuthi akhiphe iphunga elimnandi letiye. Ngamafuphi, ukucekela phansi inhlangano kanye nesakhiwo samaqabunga amasha, ukuguqula isimo kanye nekhwalithi yamaqabunga amasha, nokubeka isisekelo esihle sekhwalithi eyingqayizivele yamaqabunga etiye kokubili inhloso yokubuna kanye nesisekelo esiyisisekelo sezinyathelo zobuchwepheshe ezibunayo.

2 Ukushisa ilanga

Amaqabunga amasha asomisiwe elangeni ngemva kokulungiswa nokugingqika abizwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi “itiye eliluhlaza elomisiwe elangeni”. Itiye le-Yunnan eliyingqayizivele le-Pu'er kufanele lomiswe ilanga ngaphambi kokuthi liguqulwe libe yitiye le-Pu'er. Ukomiswa kwelanga, njengoba negama libonisa, kubhekisela enqubweni yokomisa itiye eluhlaza elomiswe ilanga. Ukomisa ilanga kubhekisela endleleni yokomisa yetiye eluhlaza, hhayi indlela yokubuna. Inqubo evamile yokukhiqiza itiye le-Pu'er yile: ukukha, ukusabalalisa lisasha, ukubuna, ukupholisa, ukugingqa, nokomisa. Ukomisa ilanga kuyinqubo yokomisa ngemva kokugoqa. Umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwetiye elomisiwe elangeni nezinye izindlela zokomisa ezifana nokuthosa nokuwomisa “izinga lokushisa”. Inqubo yokomisa yokugubha ukuthosa nokomisa inokushisa okuphezulu, okunqamula ngokuyisisekelo impilo yezinto ezisebenzayo ze-enzyme emaqabunga etiye, kuyilapho itiye elomisiwe elangeni lihlukile. Ukukhanya kwelanga kwemvelo kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kugcina amathuba okukhula kwezinto ezisebenzayo. Itiye elomisiwe elangeni linesimo somzimba esixegayo nesimnyama, kanti itiye elomile linokunambitheka okucacile okomisiwe elangeni. Lokhu kunambitheka okomisiwe kwelanga kuveza iphunga elisha lezimbali nezitshalo zemvelo, futhi iphunga lihlala isikhathi eside futhi ukunambitheka kuhlanzekile ngemva kokwenza utshwala. Ukushisa ilanga nakho kudala amandla okuba namandla okugcinwa isikhathi eside kwetiye le-Pu'er, eliba nephunga elimnandi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi "ukoma kwelanga" akudingekile. Ezinsukwini zemvula noma ezinamafu, izindlela zokomisa noma zokumisa umthunzi nazo zingacatshangelwa, kodwa kufanele zenziwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi, okuyisihluthulelo. Ngokuvamile kunenkolelo yokuthi izinga lokushisa akufanele lidlule ama-degree angu-60. Nakuba indlela yokomisa enezinga lokushisa eliphansi yokomisa ilanga iyinde, igcina ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni nezinto ezisebenzayo zetiye. Ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi elifanelekile kuwumehluko obalulekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza phakathi kwetiye le-Pu erh netiye eliluhlaza. Itiye elihlaza lisebenzisa inzalo yokushisa ephezulu ukuze lithuthukise iphunga lalo ngokushesha, kodwa ukugcinwa okulandelayo akukwazi ukufeza umphumela "wetiye le-Pu erh eliba nephunga elimnandi". Ingadliwa kuphela phakathi nesikhathi esilinganiselwe, ngaphandle kwalokho isobho setiye sizoba buthakathaka futhi silahlekelwe inani laso uma sigcinwe isikhathi eside kakhulu. I-Pu erh itiye iwumkhiqizo ohamba kancane, umkhiqizo wesikhathi, ohlanganisa "umsebenzi ohamba kancane ukhiqiza umsebenzi omuhle" ohlelweni lokukhiqiza.

ukuwoswa kwetiye nokubhaka itiye eliluhlaza

Ukuthosa nokubhaka itiye eliluhlaza kungokwenqubo yokukhiqiza itiye eliluhlaza. Inhloso yakho kokubili iyafana, okuwukusebenzisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukumisa inqubo yokuvutshelwa kwamaqabunga etiye. Umehluko wukuthi omunye uyawuthosa epanini lensimbi elinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, kanti omunye ubhaka ngokuqondile ekushiseni okuphezulu. Itiye elihlaza elithosiwe lisho inqubo yokusebenzisa umlilo omncane ukubunisa amaqabunga etiye ebhodweni ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwamaqabunga etiye. Amanzi amaqabunga etiye ahwamuka ngokushesha ngokugoqa ngesandla, okuvimbela inqubo yokuvutshelwa kwamaqabunga etiye futhi igcine ngokuphelele ingqikithi yejusi yetiye.

Itiye eliluhlaza elibuniwe, lagoqwa, bese lomiswa libizwa ngokuthi ukubhaka itiye eliluhlaza. Ukubhaka itiye eliluhlaza kuyinqubo yokomisa eshisa kakhulu, futhi amaqabunga etiye enziwe ngokuvamile anephunga elimnandi. Ngakho-ke, abanye abathengisi baxube itiye elibhakiwe eliluhlaza netiye le-Pu'er ukuze bathuthukise iphunga lamaqabunga etiye, kodwa alihambisani noshintsho lwakamuva lwetiye le-Pu'er, ngakho abathengi kufanele baqaphele lapho bethenga.
Itiye elihlaza elibhakiwe kanye netiye eliluhlaza elithosiwe ngeke lisetshenziswe njengempahla eluhlaza yetiye le-Pu'er, futhi akufanele kusetshenziselwe ukucubungula itiye le-Pu'er. Ukuvutshelwa kwetiye le-Pu'er ikakhulukazi kuncike ekufakweni kwe-auto-oxidation kwetiye eliluhlaza elomisiwe ngokwalo, i-enzymatic oxidation yama-polyphenols, kanye nesenzo sama-microorganisms. Ngenxa yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu elibunayo letiye eliluhlaza eligazingiwe nelithosiwe, i-polyphenol oxidase iyadlula futhi ibhujiswe. Ukwengeza, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokomisa ngokushesha kusetshenziswa lapho komiswa itiye eluhlaza, okuqhubeka nokubhubhisa i-polyphenol oxidase. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe kwamanzi wetiye eluhlaza okugazingiwe nethosiwe kuphansi, futhi "ukuguga kwemvelo" akukwazi ukuqedwa. Ngakho-ke, akufanelekile ukucutshungulwa kube yitiye le-Pu'er.

I-'matcha' eshisayo/edume kakhulu

Itiye eliluhlaza elishisayo libuye libe senqubo yokukhiqiza itiye eliluhlaza. Itiye eliluhlaza elishisayo liyitiye lokuqala elasungulwa eChina lasendulo. Isebenzisa isitimu ukuthambisa amaqabunga etiye amasha, bese iyawagingqa futhi yome. Itiye eliluhlaza elinesiphunga ngokuvamile linezici ezintathu eziluhlaza “zombala oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza wesobho, nohlaza lwamaqabunga”, amahle futhi alingayo. Itiye elihlaza elishisayo liwumkhiqizo omkhulu wetiye eliluhlaza lase-Japan, futhi itiye elisetshenziswa emcimbini wetiye wase-Japanese “i-matcha” edume umhlaba wonke etiyeni eliluhlaza.