Ama-amino acid ayizinto ezibalulekile zokunambitheka etiyeni. Ngesikhathi kucutshungulwaimishini yokucubungula itiye, ukusabela okuhlukahlukene kwe-enzymatic noma okungezona i-enzymatic nakho kuzokwenzeka futhi kuguqulwe kube izingxenye ezibalulekile zephunga letiye nezingulube. Njengamanje, kutholakale ama-amino acid angama-26 etiyeni, okuhlanganisa nama-amino acid angama-20 atholakala ngamaprotheni kanye nama-amino acid ayi-6 angewona amaprotheni.

1. Imiphumela yezinsiza ze-tea germplasm ku-synthesis, metabolism kanye nokuguqulwa kwetiye amino acid

Okuqukethwe kwama-amino acid, ikakhulukazi i-theanine, kuyahlukahluka phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zetiye. Inani lezinhlobo zamaqabunga aluhlaza liyakhula ngokuma kweqabunga elilodwa, amaqabunga amabili, namaqabunga amathathu, kanti okuqukethwe kwe-theanine emahlumela amancane kuphezulu kakhulu.

2. Ithonya lendawo yokukhiqiza ekuhlanganiseni, i-metabolism kanye nokuguqulwa kwetiye amino acid

Entwasahlobo, ungasebenzisa aukuvuna itiyer ukukha ngokushesha amaqabunga etiye. Okuqukethwe kwe-amino acid yetiye lasentwasahlobo kuphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yetiye lasehlobo. Isizathu siwukuthi ukukhanya okuqinile nokushisa okuphezulu ehlobo kuzoholela ekwehleni kwe-nitrogen yesihlahla setiye kanye nekhono eliqinile le-theanine hydrolysis namandla okuguqula, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokuqukethwe kwe-amino acid emahlumela amasha ehlobo.

3. Imiphumela yokucubungula ubuchwepheshe nokugcinwa ekuhlanganiseni, i-metabolism kanye nokuguqulwa kwetiye amino acid

Izinguquko kokuqukethwe kwe-amino acid yetiye ngesikhathi sokucubungula kuthinteka kakhulu yizici ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanye amaprotheni ama-molecule amancane noma ama-polypeptides athola i-hydrolysis yendawo kanye ne-pyrolysis ngaphansi kwesenzo somswakama nokushisa, okubangela ukuqoqwa kwama-amino acid; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-amino acids ayancipha ngokusebenzisa i-oxidation, i-hydrolysis, ukuguqulwa, nokuhlanganiswa noshukela nama-polyphenols ukuze kwakheke umbala, iphunga kanye nezinto zokunambitha.

(1) Ukusabalala nokubuna

Ngesikhathi sokusabalalisa kanyeumshini wokubuna itiyeIzigaba, ama-amino acid amahhala akhiwa yi-protein hydrolysis, ngakho-ke inani eliphelele lama-amino acid ngokuvamile libonisa ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo. Nokho, okuqukethwe kwe-theanine kwenza inkulumo ye-theanine hydrolase isebenze ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwamanzi, okubangela ukuthi i-theanine ifakwe i-hydrolyzed, okubonisa i-Downtrend.

(2) Isigaba sokuvutshelwa

Ukuvutshelwa kuhlukaniswe ikakhulukazi i-polyphenol oxidase fermentation kanye ne-microbial fermentation. Phakathi nenqubo yokuvutshelwa yetiye, amangqamuzana wonakala ngemva kokudabulaumshini wokugoqa itiye, futhi izinto ze-phenolic kumaseli zifakwe i-polyphenol oxidase. Izinhlanganisela ze-quinone eziwumphumela zibhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali okungahlehliswa noma okungabuyiseleki emuva ngama-amino acid, okunomthelela othile ephunga elimnandi letiye elimnyama. indima ebalulekile.

(3) Ukulungisa nokomisa

Phakathi nezigaba zokulungisa nokomisa, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lidlala indima enkulu. Ama-amino acid avame ukwenza i-polymerization ye-oxidative nge-o-quinones noma abhekane nokusabela kwe-Maillard ngezinhlanganisela ze-carbonyl. Ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa lomshini wokulungisa itiye, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhuluumshini wokulungisa itiye, ama-amino acid azoba ne-hydrolyzed kakhulu ngenkathi ekhuthaza ukugaywa kwamaprotheni. kanye noguquko.

(4)Isitoreji

Ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwetiye, ama-amino acid azophinde wonakaliswe futhi aguqulwe ngenxa yezinguquko endaweni kanye nesikhathi. Uma izinga lokushisa liphakeme futhi umswakama mkhulu, inani lokuwohloka liyanda.