Ukuvutshelwa kuyinqubo eyinhloko ekucutshungulweni kwetiye elimnyama. Ngemva kokuvutshelwa, umbala weqabunga uyashintsha usuka koluhlaza ube obomvu, wenze izici zekhwalithi zesobho elibomvu letiye elibomvu leqabunga. Ingqikithi yokuvutshelwa kwetiye elimnyama ukuthi ngaphansi kokugingqika kwamaqabunga, ukwakheka kwezicubu zamangqamuzana eqabunga kuyacekelwa phansi, ulwelwesi lwe-vacuolar olungena kalula lulimele, ukuvutshelwa kuyanda, futhi izinto ze-polyphenolic zixhunyaniswa ngokugcwele nama-oxidase, okubangela ukusabela kwe-enzymatic kwe-polyphenolic. ihlanganisa futhi ikhiqize uchungechunge lwe-oxidation, i-polymerization, i-condensation nokunye ukusabela, ukwakha izinto ezinemibala efana ne-theaflavin kanye ne-thearubigins, kuyilapho ikhiqiza izinto ezinamaphunga akhethekile.

Izinga leukuvutshelwa kwetiye elimnyamaihlobene nezici ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukutholakala komoyampilo, kanye nobude benqubo yokuvutshelwa. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lilawulwa cishe ku-20-25 ℃, futhi kuhle ukugcina izinga lokushisa lamaqabunga avutshiwe cishe ku-30 ​​℃. Ukugcina umswakama womoya ngaphezu kuka-90% kunenzuzo ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi we-polyphenol oxidase nokwenza lula ukwakheka nokunqwabelana kwe-theaflavin. Ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa, inani elikhulu le-oxygen liyadingeka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugcina umoya omuhle futhi unake ukuchithwa kokushisa nokuphefumula. Ubukhulu bokusakazeka kwamaqabunga buthinta umoya kanye nezinga lokushisa lamaqabunga. Uma ukusabalala kweqabunga kuwugqinsi kakhulu, umoya ongemuhle uzokwenzeka, futhi uma ukusabalala kweqabunga kuncane kakhulu, izinga lokushisa leqabunga ngeke ligcinwe kalula. Ugqinsi lokusakazeka kwamaqabunga ngokuvamile luyi-10-20 cm, futhi amaqabunga amancane kanye nokuma kwamaqabunga amancane kufanele kusakazeke kancane; Amaqabunga amadala kanye nokuma kwamaqabunga amakhulu kufanele kusakazeke kugqinsile. Sabalalisa ugqinsi lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi; Lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, kufanele lisatshalaliswe kancane. Ubude besikhathi sokuvutshelwa buyahluka kakhulu kuye ngezimo zokuvutshelwa, izinga lokugoqeka, ikhwalithi yamaqabunga, ukuhlukahluka kwetiye, kanye nenkathi yokukhiqiza, futhi kufanele kusekelwe ekuvubeleni okusesilinganisweni. Isikhathi sokuvutshelwa kwetiye elimnyama le-Mingyou Gongfu ngokuvamile amahora angu-2-3

Izinga lokuvutshelwa kufanele lihambisane nomgomo "wokukhetha ukukhanya kunokusindayo", futhi izinga elilinganiselwe liwukuthi: amaqabunga okuvutshelwa alahlekelwa iphunga lawo eliluhlaza kanye notshani, abe nephunga elihlukile lezimbali nezithelo, futhi amaqabunga aphenduka abomvu ngombala. Ukujula kombala wamaqabunga abilile kuyahluka kancane ngokwenkathi kanye nobudala nobumnene bamaqabunga amasha. Ngokuvamile, itiye lasentwasahlobo libomvu ngokuphuzi, kanti itiye lasehlobo liphuzi elibomvu; Amaqabunga athambile anombala obomvu ofanayo, kanti amahlamvu amadala abomvu anombala oluhlaza okotshani. Uma ukuvutshelwa kunganele, iphunga lamaqabunga etiye liyoba elingcolile, libe ne-tint eluhlaza. Ngemuva kokuphuza, umbala wesobho uzoba bomvu, ukunambitheka kuyoba luhlaza futhi ku-astringent, futhi amaqabunga ayoba nezimbali eziluhlaza ngezansi. Uma ukuvutshelwa kudlulele, amaqabunga etiye ayoba nephunga eliphansi nelincane, futhi ngemva kokuphuza, umbala wesobho uzoba obomvu, umnyama, futhi uguqubele, ukunambitheka okucacile namaqabunga abomvu namnyama anemicu eminingi emnyama ngezansi. Uma iphunga limuncu, libonisa ukuthi ukuvutshelwa kube ngokwedlulele.

Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuvutshelwa zetiye elimnyama, okuhlanganisa ukuvutshelwa kwemvelo, ikamelo lokuvutshelwa, nomshini wokuvutshelwa. Ukuvutshelwa kwemvelo kuyindlela evamile yokuvubela, ehlanganisa ukubeka amaqabunga agoqiwe kubhasikidi woqalo, ukumbozwa ngendwangu emanzi, nokuwabeka endaweni engenisa umoya opholile wasendlini. Igumbi lokuvutshelwa liyindawo ezimele ehlelwe ngokukhethekile endaweni yokusebenzela yokucubungula itiye ukuze kubiliswe itiye elimnyama. Imishini yokuvutshelwa ithuthuke ngokushesha futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi eminyakeni yamuva nje ngenxa yekhono layo lokufinyelela ukulawula izinga lokushisa nomswakama ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa.

Njengamanje, imishini yokuvubela yakhiwa ikakhulukazi imishini yokuvubela eqhubekayo kanye nekhabhinethiImishini yokuvubela itiye.

Umshini wokuvubela oqhubekayo unesakhiwo esiyisisekelo esifana nesomisi sepuleti leketango. Amaqabunga agayiwe asakazwa ngokulinganayo epuletini lamaqabunga ayikhulu ukuze avutshelwe. Umbhede wepuleti leqabunga eliyikhulu ushayelwa ukudluliselwa okuguquguqukayo okuqhubekayo futhi ufakwe umoya omncane, umswakama, namadivayisi okulungisa izinga lokushisa. Ilungele imigqa yokukhiqiza eqhubekayo yetiye elimnyama.

Uhlobo lwebhokisiimishini yokuvubela itiye elimnyamaziza ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo, ezinesakhiwo esiyisisekelo esifana nemishini yokubhaka neyokunambitheka. Zinokulawula okuzinzile kokushisa nomswakama, indawo encane, nokusebenza okulula, okuzenza zilungele amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo akhiqiza itiye.

Umshini wokuvutshelwa kwetiye elibomvu ngokuyinhloko uxazulula izinkinga zokuxubana okunzima, ukungena komoya okwanele kanye nokunikezwa komoyampilo, umjikelezo omude wokuvutshelwa, nokubhekwa okunzima kwezimo zokusebenza emishinini yendabuko yokuvutshelwa. Yamukela isakhiwo se-scraper esijikelezayo esishukumisayo futhi esivumelana nezimo, futhi sinemisebenzi efana nesimo sokuvutshelwa esibonakalayo, ukuphenduka okunesikhathi, izinga lokushisa elizenzakalelayo nokulawula umswakama, kanye nokudla okuzenzakalelayo nokukhipha.

AMACEBISO

Izidingo zokusungulwa kwamagumbi okuvutshelwa:

1. Igumbi lokuvutshelwa lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuvutshelwa kwetiye elimnyama ngemva kokugingqika, futhi ubukhulu kufanele bufaneleke. Indawo kufanele inqunywe ngokuya ngenani eliphakeme lokukhiqiza lebhizinisi.
2. Iminyango namafasitela kufanele kumiswe ngendlela efanele ukuze kube lula ukungena komoya kanye nokugwema ukukhanya kwelanga.
3. Kungcono kakhulu ukuba nephansi likasimende elinemisele ezungeze ukuze kube lula ukushaywa, futhi akufanele kube namakhona afile okunzima ukuwashayela.
4. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokushisisa nokushisa kwasendlini kufanele zifakwe ukuze kulawulwe izinga lokushisa langaphakathi ngaphakathi kwebanga elingu-25 ℃ ukuya ku-45 ℃ kanye nomswakama ohlobene phakathi kwebanga elingu-75% ukuya ku-98%.
5. Izigxobo zokuvutshelwa zifakwe ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokuvutshelwa, ezinezingqimba ezingu-8-10 ezifakwe ngezikhathi zamasentimitha angu-25 ngayinye. Ithreyi lokuvutshelwa eligudlukayo lakhiwe phakathi, elinobude obungaba ngamasentimitha ayi-12-15.