Iti emnyama yiti evundisiweyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukusetyenzwa kwayo kuye kwenziwa inkqubo entsonkothileyo yokusabela kweekhemikhali, esekwe kubume bemichiza bendalo yamagqabi amatsha kunye nemithetho yayo eguqukayo, itshintsha ngobuchule iimeko zokusabela ukwenza umbala okhethekileyo, ivumba, incasa kunye nencasa. imilo yeti emnyama. Iti emnyama ngokubanzi ineempawu ezisemgangathweni "zesobho ebomvu kunye namagqabi abomvu".

Iti emnyama yaseTshayina ibandakanya iti emnyama yeSouchong, iti emnyama yeGongfu kunye neti emnyama eyaphukileyo. Iti emnyama ye-Soochong yeyona tea endala emnyama. Iveliswe okokuqala kwiNtaba yaseWuyi kwaye ngumsunguli wezinye iti ezimnyama. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeti yeGongfu emnyama, kwaye imvelaphi nayo yahlukile. Ngokomzekelo, imveliso ephambili ye-Qimen Gongfu tea emnyama kwi-Qimen County, i-Anhui, kunye ne-Yunnan i-tea ebomvu ye-Gongfu, njl.; Iti emnyama eyophukileyo isasazwa ngokubanzi, ngakumbi ukuba ithunyelwe kumazwe angaphandle.

Kwinkqubo yokucubungula, i-oxidative polymerization reaction ivelisa izinto ezinemibala efana ne-theaflavins, i-thearubicins, kunye ne-thefuscins. Ezi zinto, kunye ne-caffeine, i-amino acids yamahhala, ishukela e-soluble kunye nezinye izinto zangaphakathi, zichaphazela umbala kunye nencasa yeti emnyama; Kwangaxeshanye, i-glycosides I-Enzymatic hydrolysis ikhupha iikhompawundi ze-terpene, kwaye ukuthotywa kwe-oxidative ye-unsaturated fatty acids kuchaphazela uhlobo oluvumba lweti emnyama.

Indlela yokwenza iti emnyama ayinakuhlukaniswa, kwaye iteknoloji yokucubungula iquka iinkqubo ezine zokubuna, ukuqengqeleka, ukuvutshelwa kunye nokomisa. Zeziphi iimbopheleleko ezenziwa zezi nkqubo kwimveliso yeti emnyama?

1.ukubuna.

Ukubuna yinkqubo yokuqala kwimveliso yokuqala yeti emnyama, kwaye ikwayinkqubo esisiseko yokwenza umgangatho weti emnyama. Ukubuna kuneziphumo ezimbini:

Enye kukuba amanzi abe ngumphunga, anciphise ukuxinezeleka kweeseli zeti, enze igqabi libe li-brittle ukuya kwi-soft, ukwandisa ukuqina kwe-buds kunye namagqabi, kwaye kube lula ukujijwa kube yimicu.

Okwesibini kukulungele utshintsho kumxholo wezinto. Ngenxa yokulahleka kwamanzi, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-membrane yeseli kuyaphuculwa, kwaye i-enzymes yebhayoloji equlethweyo iyasebenza ngokuthe ngcembe, ibangela uthotho lweenguqulelo zeekhemikhali kumxholo weengcebiso zeti, ibeka isiseko sokwakheka komgangatho othile umbala weti emnyama kunye nevumba elimnandi.

2. Xubaing (Rolling)

Ukuxova (ukusika) yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yeti ye-Gongfu emnyama kunye ne-tea ephukileyo emnyama ukubumba ubume obuhle kunye nokwenza umgangatho wangaphakathi. Iti emnyama yeGongfu idinga inkangeleko eqinileyo kunye nencasa eyomeleleyo yangaphakathi, exhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuqina kwamagqabi kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezicubu zeeseli.

Kukho imisebenzi emithathu yokuqengqeleka:

Enye kukutshabalalisa izicubu zeeseli zeqabunga ngokuqengqeleka, ukuze ijusi yeti iphuphume, ikhawulezise i-enzymatic oxidation ye-polyphenol compounds, kwaye ibeke isiseko sokusekwa kwe-endoplasm ekhethekileyo yeti emnyama.

Okwesibini kukuqengqeleka ii-blades kwintambo eqinileyo ethe ngqo, ukunciphisa ukumila komzimba, kunye nokwenza inkangeleko entle.

Okwesithathu kukuba ijusi yeti iphuphuma kwaye iqokelele phezu kwamagqabi amaqabunga, ahlanjululwa lula emanzini ngexesha lokuphuza, ukwandisa ukuxinwa kwesobho seti kunye nokwenza imbonakalo ekhanyayo kunye neoli.

3. Ukubila

Ukuvubela yinkqubo ephambili yokwenziwa kombala weti emnyama, ivumba elimnandi, kunye neempawu zomgangatho wokungcamla. Kuphela ukuvubela okulungileyo kunokwenza i-theaflavins eninzi kunye ne-thearubigen, kunye nencasa eninzi kunye nevumba.

Ukuvundiswa yinkqubo eqhubekayo, kungekhona nje inkqubo. Ukuvubela bekusoloko kukho ukususela ekubeni iti emnyama yaqengqeleka yomiswa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo ekhethekileyo yokuvutshelwa imiselwe ngaphambi kokumisa emva kokuqengqeleka, ukwenzela ukuba itiye inokufikelela kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

Xa iti emnyama ivundisiwe, amagqabi eti evundiweyo adla ngokubekwa kwifreyimu yokubilisa okanye kwinqwelo yokubilisa, aze afakwe kwitanki yokubilisa okanye kwigumbi lokuvubela ukuze avundiswe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kuye kwazalwa izixhobo ezitsha zokubilisa. Ukuvubela kufuneka kuhambelane nobushushu obufanelekileyo, ukufuma kunye nesixa seoksijini esifunekayo kwipolymerization yeti yeti polyphenolase.

4. Yomile.

Ukomisa kwenziwa ngokumisa, ngokuqhelekileyo kuhlulwe kabini, okokuqala kubizwa ngokuba ngumlilo weenwele, okwesibini kuthiwa ngumlilo weenyawo. Umlilo weenwele kunye neenyawo kufuneka zisasazwe zipholile.

Ukomisa kukwafezekisa iinjongo ezintathu:

Enye kukusebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu ukwenza ngokukhawuleza umsebenzi we-enzyme, uyeke i-enzymatic oxidation, kwaye ulungise umgangatho wokuvutshelwa.

Okwesibini kukukhupha amanzi, ukunciphisa iintonga zeeti, ukulungisa imilo, kwaye ugcine iinyawo zomile, ezihambelana nokugcina umgangatho.

Okwesithathu kukukhupha uninzi lwevumba lengca elinendawo ebilayo ephantsi, ukuqinisa kunye nokugcina izinto ezinuka kamnandi ezineqondo eliphezulu lokubila, kwaye ufumane ivumba elimnandi elikhethekileyo leti emnyama.