Iti yenye yeziselo ezithathu zehlabathi, zizityebi kwi-polyphenols, kunye ne-antioxidant, i-anti-cancer, i-anti-virus, i-hypoglycemic, i-hypolipidemic kunye neminye imisebenzi yebhayoloji kunye nemisebenzi yokhathalelo lwempilo. Iti inokohlulwa ibe yiti engabiliswanga, iti enegwele kunye neti yasemva kwegwele ngokobuchwephesha bayo bokusetyenzwa kunye neqondo lokuvubela. Iti ye-Post-fermented ibhekisela kwiti ene-microbial inxaxheba kwi-fermentation, efana ne-Pu 'er ephekiweyo yeti, iti ye-Fu Brick, iti ye-Liubao eveliswe e-China, kunye ne-Kippukucha, i-Saryusoso, i-Yamabukinadeshiko, i-Suraribijin kunye ne-Kuroyamecha eveliswe eJapan. Ezi tea microbial fermented zithandwa ngabantu ngenxa yeziphumo zabo zokhathalelo lwempilo njengokuthoba amanqatha egazi, iswekile yegazi kunye necholesterol.

Emva kokuvutshelwa kwe-microbial, i-polyphenols yeti kwiti iguqulwa yi-enzymes kwaye ezininzi iipolyphenols ezinezakhiwo ezitsha zenziwe. I-Teadenol A kunye ne-Teadenol B ziphuma kwi-polyphenol ephuma kwi-tea enegwele kunye ne-Aspergillus sp (PK-1, FARM AP-21280). Kuphononongo olwalandelayo, kwafunyaniswa kubuninzi beti evundisiweyo. I-Teadenols ine-stereoisomers ezimbini, i-cis-Teadenol A kunye ne-trans-Teadenol B. Ifomula ye-Molecular C14H12O6, ubunzima be-molecular 276.06, [MH] -275.0562, ifomyula yesakhiwo iboniswe kuMfanekiso 1. I-Teadenols inamaqela e-cyclic kunye ne-C-afana ne-C- a izakhiwo ring of flavane 3-alcohols kwaye b-ring fission catechins derivatives. I-Teadenol A kunye ne-Teadenol B zinokuthi zenziwe nge-biosynthesized ukusuka kwi-EGCG kunye ne-GCG ngokulandelelanayo.

Kwizifundo ezilandelayo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-Teadenols inemisebenzi yezinto eziphilayo ezifana nokukhuthaza i-adiponectin secretion, inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) ukubonakaliswa kunye nokumhlophe, okuye kwatsala ingqalelo yabaphandi abaninzi. I-Adiponectin i-polypeptide ekhethekileyo kakhulu kwi-adipose tissue, enokunciphisa kakhulu iziganeko ze-metabolic disorders kwi-type II yeswekile. I-PTP1B okwangoku ibonwa njengenjongo yonyango yesifo sikashukela kunye nokukhuluphala, ebonisa ukuba i-Teadenols inokuba nemiphumo ye-hypoglycemic kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo.

Kweli phepha, ukufunyanwa komxholo, i-biosynthesis, i-synthesis epheleleyo kunye ne-bioactivity ye-Teadenols kwi-microbial fermented tea yaphononongwa, ukuze kubonelelwe ngesiseko senzululwazi kunye nereferensi yethiyori kuphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweeTeadenols.

▲ TA umfanekiso womzimba

01

Ukufunyanwa kweeTeadenols kwiti ye-microbial fermented

Emva kokuba i-Teadenols ifunyenwe kwi-Aspergillus SP (PK-1, FARM AP-21280) iti ebilisiweyo okokuqala, ubuchule be-HPLC kunye ne-LC-MS/MS basetyenziswa ukufunda iiTeadenols kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeti. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba iTeadenols ifumaneka ikakhulu kwiti evundisiweyo.

▲ TA, ikhromatogram yolwelo lwe-TB

▲ I-mass spectrometry ye-microbial fermented tea kunye ne-TA kunye ne-TB

Aspergillus oryzae SP.PK-1, FARM AP-21280, Aspergillus oryzae sp.AO-1, ​​NBRS 4214, Aspergillus awamori sp.SK-1, Aspergillus oryzae Sp.AO-1, ​​NBRS 4214, Aspergillus oryzae SK-1 , NBRS 4122), Eurotium sp. I-Ka-1, IFARM AP-21291, Uxinzelelo olwahlukileyo lweTeadenols lufunyenwe kwiti evundisiweyo iKippukucha, iSaryusoso, iYamabukinadeshiko, iSuraribijin kunye neKuroyamecha, i-gentoku-cha ethengiswa eJapan, nakwiti ephekiweyo yePu erh, iti yeLiubao kunye neFu Brick. iti yaseTshayina.

Umxholo weTeadenols kwiiti ezahlukeneyo zahlukile, okucingelwa ukuba kubangelwa iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenzwa kunye neemeko zokuvutshelwa.

Uphononongo olongezelelweyo lubonise ukuba umxholo weTeadenols kumagqabi eti ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwe-microbial fermentation, njengeti eluhlaza, iti emnyama, iti ye-oolong kunye neti emhlophe, yayiphantsi kakhulu, ngokusisiseko ingaphantsi komda wokubhaqwa. Umxholo weTeadenol kumagqabi awohlukeneyo eti uboniswe kwiThebhile 1.

02

I-Bioactivity yeTeadenols

Izifundo zibonise ukuba i-Teadenols inokukhuthaza ukunciphisa umzimba, ukulwa nesifo sikashukela, ukulwa ne-oxidation, inqanda ukwanda kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nolusu olumhlophe.

I-Teadenol A inokukhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwe-adiponectin. I-Adiponectin yi-peptide engapheliyo efihliweyo yi-adipocytes kwaye icace kakhulu kwizicubu ze-adipose. Inxulunyaniswa kakhulu kakubi kunye nezicubu ze-adipose ze-visceral kwaye ineempawu ezichasayo kunye ne-anti-atherosclerotic. Ke iTeadenol A inamandla okunciphisa umzimba.

I-Teadenol A iphinda ithintele ukubonakaliswa kweprotheni tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), I-classic non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase kwi-protein tyrosine phosphatase intsapho, edlala indima ebalulekileyo engathandekiyo ekubonakalisweni kwe-insulin kwaye okwangoku ibonwa njengeNjongo yonyango yesifo seswekile. I-Teadenol A inokulawula ngokuqinisekileyo i-insulin ngokuthintela ukubonakaliswa kwe-PTP1B. Okwangoku, u-TOMOTAKA et al. ibonise ukuba i-Teadenol A yi-Ligand ye-long-chain fatty receptor receptor GPR120, enokuthi ibophe ngokuthe ngqo kwaye isebenze i-GPR120 kwaye ikhuthaze ukukhutshwa kwehomoni ye-insulin ye-GLP-1 kwi-intestinal endocrine STC-1 iiseli. I-Glp-1 inqanda ukutya kunye nokwandisa i-insulin secretion, ebonisa iziphumo ezichasene nesifo sikashukela. Ke ngoko, iTeadenol A inefuthe elinokubakho le-antidiabetic.

Amaxabiso e-IC50 e-DPPH yokucoca umsebenzi kunye ne-superoxide anion radical scavening activity ye-Teadenol A yayiyi-64.8 μg / mL kunye ne-3.335 mg / mL, ngokulandelanayo. Amaxabiso e-IC50 omthamo opheleleyo we-antioxidant kunye nomthamo wokubonelela nge-hydrogen yi-17.6 U / mL kunye ne-12 U / mL, ngokulandelanayo. Kwakhona kuye kwaboniswa ukuba isicatshulwa seti esiqulethe iTeadenol B inomsebenzi ophezulu wokuchasana nokunyuka kwe-HT-29 iiseli zomhlaza wekoloni, kwaye inqanda i-HT-29 yeeseli zomhlaza wekolon ngokwandisa amanqanaba okuvakalisa i-caspase-3/7, i-caspase-8 kunye ne-Caspase. -9, ukufa kwe-receptor kunye neendlela ze-apoptosis ze-mitochondrial.

Ukongezelela, i-Teadenols yiklasi ye-polyphenols ekwazi ukwenza mhlophe ulusu ngokuthintela umsebenzi we-melanocyte kunye ne-melanin synthesis.

03

Ukwenziwa kweeTeadenols

Njengoko kunokubonwa kwidatha yophando kwiThebhile 1, i-Teadenols kwi-tea ye-microbial fermentation inomxholo ophantsi kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokutyebisa kunye nokuhlanjululwa, okunzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zophando olunzulu kunye nophuhliso lwesicelo. Ke ngoko, abaphengululi baye baqhuba izifundo malunga nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezinjalo ukusuka kumacala amabini e-biotransformation kunye ne-chemical synthesis.

WULANDARI et al. inoculated Aspergillus SP (PK-1, FARM AP-21280) kwisisombululo esixubeneyo sterilized EGCG kunye GCG. Emva kweeveki ezi-2 zenkcubeko kuma-25 ℃, i-HPLC yasetyenziswa ukuhlalutya ukwakhiwa kwendawo yenkcubeko. ITeadenol A kunye neTeadenol B zabhaqwa. Kamva, i-Aspergillus oryzae A. Awamori (NRIB-2061) kunye ne-Aspergillus oryzae A. Kawachii (IFO-4308) ifakwe kumxube we-autoclave EGCG kunye ne-GCG, ngokulandelanayo, usebenzisa indlela efanayo. I-Teadenol A kunye ne-Teadenol B zichongiwe kuzo zombini i-medium. Ezi zifundo zibonise ukuba ukuguqulwa kwe-microbial ye-EGCG kunye ne-GCG inokuvelisa i-Teadenol A kunye ne-Teadenol B. INGOMA et al. isebenzise i-EGCG njengezinto ezikrwada kunye nokutofa iAspergillus sp ukufunda iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokuvelisa iTeadenol A kunye neTeadenol B ngolwelo kunye nenkcubeko eqinileyo. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-CZapEK-DOX medium modified equkethe i-5% EGCG kunye ne-1% ye-powder tea eluhlaza yayinesivuno esiphezulu. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukongezwa kwe-powder powder eluhlaza akuzange kuchaphazele ngokuthe ngqo ukuveliswa kweTeadenol A kunye neTeadenol B, kodwa ngokukodwa kubangele ukwanda kwenani le-biosynthase echaphazelekayo. Ukongeza, YOSHIDA et al. i-Teadenol A kunye ne-Teadenol B ehlanganisiweyo ukusuka kwi-phloroglucinol. Amanyathelo aphambili e-synthesis ayeyi-asymmetric α -aminoxy catalytic reaction ye-organic catalytic aldehydes kunye ne-intramolecular allyl substitution ye-palladium-catalyzed phenol.

▲ I-electron microscopy yenkqubo yokubilisa iti

04

Uphononongo lokusetyenziswa kweeTeadenols

Ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo obalulekileyo webhayoloji, iiTeadenols zisetyenzisiwe kumayeza, ukutya kunye nokutya, izinto zokuthambisa, ii-reagents zokubona kunye nezinye iindawo.

Kukho iimveliso ezinxulumeneyo eziqulathe iiTeadenols kwibala lokutya, njengeJapan Slimming Tea kunye neepolyphenols zeti evundisiweyo. Ukongeza, uYanagida et al. iqinisekisile ukuba i-teadenol A kunye ne-Teadenol B inokusetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kokutya, i-condiments, izongezo zezempilo, ukutya kwezilwanyana kunye nezithambiso. ITO et al. ilungiselele i-agent ye-skin topical agent equlethe i-Teadenols enefuthe elinamandla elimhlophe, i-radical inhibition yamahhala kunye ne-anti-wrinkle effect. Kwakhona kunemiphumo yokunyanga i-acne, i-moisturizing, ukuphucula umsebenzi wokuthintela, ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala kwe-UV kunye nezilonda ezichasene noxinzelelo.

ETshayina, iTeadenols ibizwa ngokuba yi-fu tea. Abaphandi baye baqhuba izifundo ezininzi kwiincindi zeti okanye iifomyula eziqulethe i-fu tea A kunye ne-Fu tea B malunga nokunciphisa i-lipids yegazi, ukunciphisa umzimba, iswekile yegazi, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuthambisa imithambo yegazi. I-tea ye-fu ecocekileyo ephezulu A ihlanjululwe kwaye ilungiswe nguZhao Ming et al. ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela amayeza e-antilipid. Yena Zhihong et al. yenza ii-capsules zeti, iipilisi okanye i-granules equlethe iti emnyama ye-anhua ye-Fu A kunye ne-Fu B, i-gynostema pentaphylla, i-Rhizoma orientalis, i-ophiopogon kunye namanye amayeza kunye neemveliso ze-homology zokutya, ezineziphumo ezicacileyo kunye ezihlala zihleli ekulahlekeni kobunzima kunye nokunciphisa i-lipid kuzo zonke iintlobo zokutyeba. abantu. U-Tan Xiao 'ao ulungiselele iti ye-fuzhuan nge-fuzhuan A kunye ne-Fuzhuan B, elula ukufunxwa ngumzimba womntu kwaye ibe neziphumo ezicacileyo ekunciphiseni i-hyperlipidemia, i-hyperglycemia, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuthambisa imithambo yegazi.

05

“Ulwimi

I-Teadenols yi-b-ring fission catechin derivatives ekhoyo kwi-microbial fermented tea, enokufumaneka kwi-microbial transformation ye-epigallocatechin gallate okanye kwi-total synthesis ye-phloroglucinol. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba iiTeadenols ziqulethwe kwiiti ezahlukeneyo ze-microbial fermented. Iimveliso ziquka iti enegwele iAspergillus Niger, iti enegwele iAspergillus oryzae, iti enegwele iAspergillus oryzae, iSachinella fermented tea, Kippukucha (Japan), Saryusoso (Japan), Yamabukinadeshiko (Japan), Suraribijin (Japan), Kuroyamecha (Japan), Gentok U-Japan), cha (eJapan), i-Awa-Bancha (eJapan), iGoishi-cha (eJapan), iti yePu 'er, iti yeLiubao kunye neFu Brick tea, kodwa iziqulatho zeTeadenols kwiiti ezahlukeneyo zahluke kakhulu. Umxholo weTeadenol A no-B usuka kwi-0.01% ukuya kwi-6.98% kunye ne-0.01% ukuya kwi-0.54%, ngokulandelanayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-oolong, i-white, i-green kunye ne-black teas ayinazo ezi zixhobo.

Ngokubhekiselele kuphando lwangoku, izifundo kwiTeadenols zisanqongophele, zibandakanya kuphela umthombo, umxholo, i-biosynthesis kunye ne-synthetic pathway iyonke, kunye nendlela yokusebenza kunye nophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kusafuna uphando oluninzi. Ngophando olongezelelweyo, iikhompawundi zeTeadenols ziya kuba nexabiso elikhulu lophuhliso kunye nethemba elibanzi lesicelo.