Mushure mekutora tii, ndezvemuzvarirwo kudzivirira dambudziko rekuchekerera miti yetii. Nhasi, ngatinzwisise kuti nei kuchekerera muti wetii kuchidikanwa uye kuti ungaucheke sei?

1. Physiological hwaro hwekuchekerera muti wetii

Miti yetii ine hunhu hweapical kukura mukana. Kukura kweapical yehunde hombe kunokurumidza, nepo lateral buds inokura zvishoma nezvishoma kana kuramba yakarara. Iyo apical advantage inodzivirira lateral bud kumera kana inhibits kukura kwema lateral mapazi. Nekuchekerera kuti ubvise mukana wepamusoro, iyo inhibitory mhedzisiro yekumusoro bud pane lateral buds inogona kubviswa. Kuchekerera muti wetii kunogona kuderedza zera rekukura remiti yetii, nekudaro kudzoreredza kukura kwavo uye simba. Panyaya yekukura kwemuti wetii, kuchekerera kunotyora chiyero chemuviri pakati pepamusoro-pasi uye pasi pevhu, kuita basa mukusimbisa kumusoro-pasi kukura. Panguva imwecheteyo, kukura kwakasimba kwekorona yemuti kunoumba zvigadzirwa zvekusimudzira, uye midzi inogonawo kuwana mishonga yakawanda, ichikurudzira kuwedzera kukura kwemidzi.

Pamusoro pezvo, kuchekerera kunobatsira zvikuru pakushandura kabhoni nitrogen ratio uye kukurudzira kukura kwekudya. Mashizha manyoro emiti yetii ane nitrogen yakawanda, asi mashizha ekare ane carbon content. Kana matavi epamusoro asina kuchekwa kwenguva yakareba, matavi achakwegura, makhahydrates achawedzera, nitrogen content ichaderera, carbon to nitrogen ratio ichave yakakwirira, kukura kwezvokudya kunoderera, uye maruva nemichero zvichawedzera. Kuchekerera kunogona kuderedza nzvimbo yekukura kwemiti yetii, uye mvura uye chikafu chinonwiwa nemidzi chichawedzera. Mushure mekucheka mamwe matavi, iyo kabhoni kune nitrogen ratio yematavi matsva ichava diki, izvo zvichange zvichisimbisa kukura kwekudya kwezvikamu zviri pamusoro-pasi.

2. Nguva yekuchekerera muti wetii

Kuchekerera miti yetii isati yatungira muchirimo ndiyo nguva ine zvishoma zvinokanganisa muviri wemuti. Munguva iyi, pane zvakakwana kuchengetedza zvinhu mumidzi, uyewo inguva iyo kutonhora kunokwira zvishoma nezvishoma, kunaya kwemvura yakawanda, uye kukura kwemiti yetii kunonyanya kukodzera. Panguva imwecheteyo, chitubu ndiko kutanga kwekutenderera kwegore negore, uye kuchekerera kunobvumira nhungirwa itsva kuti dzive nenguva yakareba yekukura zvakakwana.

Kusarudzwa kwenguva yekuchekerera kunodawo kutariswa nemamiriro ekunze munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakanyanya mukati megore rose, kuchekerera kunogona kuitwa pakupera kwemwaka wetii; Munzvimbo dzetii uye nzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro dzetii uko kune kutyisidzira kwekukuvadza kwechando munguva yechando, kuchekerera kwechirimo kunofanirwa kumiswa. Asi kunewo dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoshandisa kuderedza kureba kwekorona yemuti kuvandudza kutonhora kwekudzivirira kuitira kudzivirira matavi epamusoro ekorona yemuti kubva kuchando. Kuchekerera uku kunonyanya kuitwa mukupera kwematsutso; Nzvimbo dzetii dzine mwaka yakaoma uye yekunaya kwemvura haifanirwe kudimburwa mwaka wemvura usati wasvika, zvikasadaro zvichanetsa kumera mushure mekuchekerera.

3. Nzira dzekuchekerera muti weti

Kuchekererwa kwemiti yetii yakakura kunoitwa pahwaro hwekuchekerera kwakatemwa, kunyanya kushandisa musanganiswa wekuchekerera kwakareruka uye kuchekerera kwakadzika kuchengetedza kukura kwakasimba uye kunhonga korona kwepamusoro pemuti wetii, nekuwedzera uye kwakasimba kumera, kuitira kuchengetedza. zvakanakira goho rakasimba.

Kuchekerera kwechiedza: Kazhinji, kuchekerera kwakareruka kunoitwa kamwe pagore pamuti wetii korona yekukohwa, nekuwedzera kwekukwirira kwe 3-5 cm kubva pakuchekerera kwekare. Kana korona yakachena uye yakasimba, kuchekerera kunogona kuitwa kamwe chete pagore. Chinangwa chekuchekerera chakareruka ndechekuchengetedza hwaro hwakachena uye hwakasimba hwekumera pamuti wetii wekutora nzvimbo, kukurudzira kukura kwekudya, uye kuderedza kutumbuka uye kubereka michero. Kazhinji, mushure mekutanha tii yechirimo, kuchekerera kwakareruka kunoitwa nekukurumidza, kucheka nhungirwa dzegore rapfuura uye mamwe matsutso egore rapfuura.

Kuchekerera kwakadzika: Mushure memakore ekunhonga nekuchekerera zvishoma, matavi mazhinji madiki uye mafundo anokura pamusoro pekorona yemuti. Nekuda kwemanodule akawanda, ayo anotadzisa kupihwa kwekudya, nhungirwa nemashizha anogadzirwa akatetepa uye madiki, aine mamwe mashizha akaiswa pakati pawo, anogona kuderedza goho uye kunaka. Nokudaro, makore ose mashomanana, apo muti wetii unosangana nemamiriro ezvinhu ari pamusoro apa, kuchekerera kwakadzika kunofanira kuitwa, kutema chidimbu chemakumbo ehuku matavi 10-15 cm pakadzika pamusoro pekorona kudzorera simba remuti uye kuvandudza kukwanisa kwayo kumera. Mushure mekuchekerera kumwe kwakadzika, endererai nediki diki kuchekerera. Kana matavi emakumbo ehuku akaonekwa zvakare mune ramangwana, zvichikonzera kuderera kwegoho, kumwe kuchekerera kwakadzika kunogona kuitwa. Kuchinjana uku kunodzokororwa kunogona kuchengetedza kukura kwakasimba kwemuti wetii uye kuchengetedza goho rakakura. Kuchekerera kwakadzika kunowanzoitika chitubu chisati chamera.

Maturusi ekuchekeresa akareruka uye akadzika anoshandiswa neahedge trimmer, ine blade inopinza uye chidimbu chakati sandara kuti usacheka nemapazi uye kukanganisa kupora kweronda zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.

4.Kubatana pakati pekuchekerera muti weti uye mamwe matanho

(1) Inofanira kunyatsobatanidzwa nefetereza uye kutonga kwemvura. Kushandiswa kwakadzama kweorganicfeterezauye phosphorus potassium fetereza isati yachekererwa, uye kushandiswa panguva yakakodzera kwepamusoro apo nhungirwa itsva dzinomera mushure mekuchekerera zvinogona kukurudzira kukura kwakasimba uye nekukurumidza kwemashizha matsva, zvichiita zvizere zvinotarisirwa zvekuchekerera;

(2) Inofanira kusanganiswa nekukohwa uye kuchengetedza. Pamusana pekuchekerera kwakadzika, nzvimbo yemashizha etii inoderedzwa, uye nzvimbo ye photosynthetic inoderedzwa. Mapazi ekugadzira ari pasi penzvimbo yekuchekerera kazhinji mashoma uye haakwanise kuumba nzvimbo yekunhonga. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuchengetedza uye kuwedzera kukora kwematavi, uye pamusoro pechikonzero ichi, kumera matavi ekukura kwechipiri, uye kurima nzvimbo yekunhonga zvakare kuburikidza nekuchekerera; (3) Inofanira kubatanidzwa nematanho ekudzivirira zvipembenene. Izvo zvinodikanwa nekukasira kuongorora uye kudzora tii aphids, tei geometers, tii moths, uye tii leafhoppers zvinokuvadza nhungirwa nyoro. Matavi uye mashizha akasiiwa panguva yekuvandudzwa nekuvandudzwa kwemiti yetii yakwegura inofanira kubviswa nokukurumidza kubva mubindu kuti irapwe, uye pasi rakapoteredzwa nematanda emiti nemakwenzi etii zvinofanira kunyatsopfapfaidzwa nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene kuti ibvise nzvimbo yekuberekesa yezvirwere uye zvipembenene.