Kana tichitaura nezvetii, tinoita setinonzwa kunhuhwirira kwegirinhi, kutsva, uye kunhuhwirira. Tii, yakaberekwa pakati pedenga nenyika, inoita kuti vanhu vanzwe vakadzikama uye vane rugare. Mashizha etii, kubva pakutora shizha rimwe chete kusvika pakuoma, kuoma kwezuva, uye pakupedzisira kushanduka kuva kunhuhwirira kunonhuwira parurimi, zvakabatana zvikuru ne "girini". Saka, ingani nzira dzingagadziriswa tei?

1. Kugadzirisa chai
Iyo inonzi fixation inoreva kuparadzwa kwenyama yemashizha matsva. Thekugadzirisa teamaitiro anosanganisira kutora matanho ekupisa kwepamusoro kukurumidza kushandura zviri mukati memashizha matsva. Sezvinozivikanwa, tii ine chinhu chinonzi enzyme, inova biological macromolecule ine biocatalytic basa. Iyo biocatalyst inogona kumhanyisa kana kudzikamisa kumhanya kweiyo biochemical reaction, asi haishandure kutungamira uye zvigadzirwa zvemaitiro. Enzymes anonyanya kuumbwa nemapuroteni (ane mashoma ari RNA), uye basa ravo rinokanganiswa nyore nezvinhu zvakaita setembiricha uye makemikari nharaunda (senge pH kukosha).
Ma Enzymes anokuvadzwa kusingadzoreki kune yavo protein molecular chimiro pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwakakwana kwekuita kwe enzyme. "Kusvava" kwemashizha etii kunoshandisa iyo yakanyanya-tembiricha deactivation pfuma yema enzymes kuvharidzira panguva yakakodzera chiitiko cheoxidase mumashizha matsva.

Chinangwa chikuru chekugadzirisa tii ndechekushandisa tembiricha yakakwira kuparadza polyphenol oxidase chiitiko mumashizha matsva munguva pfupi, inhibit polyphenol enzyme catalyzed oxidation, uye kugonesa zviri mukati kuumba hunhu hwePu'er tii seruvara. , kunhuhwirira, uye kuravira pasi pemaitiro asiri enzymatic. Qingqing inogonawo kubvisa humwe hunyoro, kushandura mashizha kubva pakuoma kuenda kune yakapfava, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kukanya nekuumba. Pamusoro pezvo, kusvava kunogona kubvisa hwema hwehuswa hwemashizha matsva, zvichiita kuti mashizha etii abudise kunhuhwirira kwetii. Muchidimbu, kuparadza kurongeka uye chimiro chemashizha matsva, kushandura chimiro uye mhando yemashizha matsva, uye kuisa hwaro hwakanaka hwemhando yakasarudzika yemashizha etii zvese chinangwa chekuoma uye hwaro hwekutanga hwekuoma matekinoroji matanho.

2 Kugeza nezuva

Mashizha matsva akaomeswa nezuva mushure mekugadzirisa uye kukunguruka anonzi pamwe chete se "zuva rakaomeswa green tea". Yunnan yakasarudzika Pu'er tii inofanirwa kuomeswa nezuva isati yashandurwa kuita Pu'er tii. Kuomeswa kwezuva, sezvinoreva zita racho, zvinoreva kuomeswa kwetii mbishi yakaomeswa nezuva. Kuomesa zuva kunoreva nzira yekuomesa yetii mbishi, kwete nzira yekuoma. Iyo yakajairika kugadzirwa kwePu'er tii ndeye: kunhonga, kuparadzira kutsva, kusvava, kutonhora, kuumburudza, uye kuomesa. Kuomeswa nezuva ndiko kuomesa mushure mekukunguruka. Musiyano wakakosha pakati pezuva rakaomeswa tii uye dzimwe nzira dzekuomesa dzakadai sekukuchidzira fry uye kuomesa ndeye "tembiricha". Iyo yekuomesa maitiro ekubvongodza uye kuomesa ine tembiricha yakanyanya, iyo inocheka hupenyu hwe enzyme inoshanda mumashizha eti, nepo zuva rakaomeswa tii rakasiyana. Chiedza chezuva uye tembiricha yakaderera zvinochengeta mukana wekukura kwezvinhu zvinoshanda. Zuva rakaomeswa tii ine yakasununguka uye yakasviba chimiro chemuviri, uye yakaoma tii ine zuva rakajeka rakaomeswa kuravira. Uku kuravira kwakaomeswa kwezuva kunopa kunhuhwirira kutsva kwemaruva echisikigo nezvirimwa, uye kunhuhwirira kunogara kwenguva refu uye kuravira kwakachena mushure mekubika. Kugezera zuva kunogadzirawo simba rinogona kuchengetwa kwenguva refu yePu'er tii, inova inonhuhwirira nekufamba kwenguva.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti "kuomeswa kwezuva" hazvidi hazvo. Mumazuva ekunaya kana ane makore, kuomeswa kana kuomeswa kwemumvuri nzira dzinogonawo kutariswa, asi dzinofanira kuitwa pakudziya kwakadzika, iyo ndiyo kiyi. Zvinotendwa kuti tembiricha haifanire kudarika 60 degrees. Kunyangwe iyo yakaderera-kupisa yekuomesa nzira yekuomeswa kwezuva yakareba, inochengetedza yepakutanga inonaka uye inoshanda zvinhu zvetii. Kuve nechokwadi cheyakakodzera tembiricha yakaderera musiyano wakakosha munzira yekugadzira pakati pePu erh tii negirinhi tii. Tii yegirini inoshandisa yakanyanya-tembiricha sterilization kukurumidza kuwedzera kunhuhwirira kwayo, asi kunotevera kuchengetedza hakugone kuita "inonhuhwirira Pu erh tii inova" mhedzisiro. Inogona kupedzwa chete mukati menguva shoma, kana zvisina kudaro sopu yetii ichava isina simba uye inorasikirwa nekukosha kwayo kana yakachengetwa kwenguva yakareba. Pu erh tii chigadzirwa chinononoka, chigadzirwa chenguva, icho chinosanganisirawo "basa rinononoka rinoburitsa basa rakanaka" mukugadzira.

kugocha tii uye kubika green tea

Kusveta-kukacha uye kubheka girini tii ndeyekugadzirwa kwegirinhi tii. Chinangwa chezvose zviri zviviri zvakafanana, iko kushandisa tembiricha yakanyanya kumisa kuvirisa kwemashizha etii. Musiyano ndewekuti imwe iri kubvongodza-frying mune yakakwira-tembiricha yesimbi pani, uye imwe iri kubikwa zvakananga pakupisa kwakanyanya. Stir-frying green tea inoreva maitiro ekushandisa moto wakaderera kuomesa mashizha etii mupoto panguva yekugadzira mashizha etii. Mvura yemvura yemashizha etii inokurumidza kunyungudutswa nebhuku rekunyora, iro rinovhara nzira yekuvirisa yemashizha etii uye inochengetedza zvachose hunhu hwemuti wetii.

Green tea yakasvava, yakakungurutswa, yobva yaomeswa inonzi baking green tea. Kubika green tea inzira yekuomesa yakanyanya, uye mashizha etii anogadzirwa anowanzo kunhuhwirira zvakanyanya. Naizvozvo, vamwe vatengesi vakavhenganisa yakabikwa yegirini tii nePu'er tii kuti iwedzere kunhuhwirira kwemashizha etii, asi hazvikodzere kushandurwa kwePu'er tii, saka vatengi vanofanirwa kungwarira pavanenge vachitenga.
Yakabikwa yegirini tii uye yakakangwa-yakakangwa yegirini tii haigone kushandiswa seyakabikwa yePu'er tii, uye haifanirwe kushandiswa kugadzira Pu'er tii. Pu'er tea fermentation inonyanya kutsamira pane auto-oxidation yezuva-yakaomeswa girini tii pachayo, iyo enzymatic oxidation ye polyphenols, uye kuita kwema microorganisms. Nekuda kwekushisa kwakanyanya kuoma kwetii yakakangwa uye yakakangwa yegirini mbishi, polyphenol oxidase inopfuudzwa uye kuparadzwa. Mukuwedzera, kupisa kwakanyanya uye kukurumidza kuoma kunoshandiswa pakuomesa tii yakasvibirira, iyo inowedzera kuparadza polyphenol oxidase. Mukuwedzera, mvura yemvura yakakangwa uye yakakangwa yegirini yakasvibirira yakaderera, uye "kukwegura kwepanyama" hakugone kupedzwa. Naizvozvo, haina kukodzera kugadzirwa muPu'er tii.

Steamed green/yakanyanya kufarirwa 'matcha'

Kupisa girini tii zvakare ndeyekugadzirwa kwegirinhi tii. Kupisa girini tii ndiyo yekutanga tii yakagadzirwa muChina yekare. Inoshandisa steam kupfavisa mashizha etii matsva, yobva yakunguruka nekuaomesa. Steamed girini tii kazhinji ine matatu akasvibira maitiro e "ruvara rwegirini, sopu yegirini, uye yeshizha girinhi", ayo akanaka uye anoyedza. Steamed green tea chinhu chikuru cheJapan green tea, uye tii inoshandiswa muJapan tii mhemberero ndiyo inozivikanwa pasi rose "matcha" mune yakabikwa girini tii.