Tea chimwe chezvinwiwa zvitatu zvikuru zvenyika, zvakapfuma mupolyphenols, ine antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-virus, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic uye mamwe mabasa ehupenyu uye mabasa ehutano hwehutano. Tea inogona kukamurwa kuita isina kuviriswa tii, yakaviriswa tii uye post-yakaviriswa tii zvichienderana neayo kugadzira tekinoroji uye dhigirii rekuvirisa. Post-fermented tii inoreva tii ine microbial kutora chikamu mukuvirisa, senge Pu 'er yakabikwa tii, Fu Brick tii, Liubao tii inogadzirwa kuChina, Uye Kippukucha, Saryusoso, Yamabukinadeshiko, Suraribijin uye Kuroyamecha inogadzirwa muJapan. Aya ma microbial fermented teas anodiwa nevanhu nekuda kwehutano hwavo hwekuita sekudzikisa mafuta eropa, shuga yeropa uye cholesterol.

Mushure mekuvirisa hutachiona, tii polyphenols mutii inoshandurwa nema enzymes uye akawanda polyphenols ane zvimiro zvitsva anoumbwa. Teadenol A neTeadenol B zvinobva papolyphenol zvakaparadzaniswa netii yakaviriswa neAspergillus sp (PK-1, FARM AP-21280). Muchidzidzo chakatevera, yakaonekwa muhuwandu hwetii yakaviriswa. Teadenols ine maviri stereoisomers, cis-Teadenol A uye trans-Teadenol B. Molecular formula C14H12O6, molecular uremu 276.06, [MH] -275.0562, structural formula inoratidzwa mumufananidzo 1. Teadenols ane cyclic mapoka uye akafanana C- a zvimiro zvemhete zveflavane 3-doro uye zviri b-ring fission katechini zvinobva. Teadenol A uye Teadenol B inogona biosynthesized kubva EGCG uye GCG zvichiteerana.

Mune zvidzidzo zvakatevera, zvakaonekwa kuti Teadenols yakanga ine zvipenyu zvehupenyu zvakadai sekusimudzira adiponectin secretion, inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) kutaura uye kuchena, izvo zvakakwezva kutarisa kwevatsvakurudzi vakawanda. Adiponectin inonzi polypeptide yakanyatsojeka kune adipose tissue, iyo inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuitika kwehutano hwemagetsi mumhando yechipiri yechirwere cheshuga. PTP1B parizvino inozivikanwa sechinangwa chekurapa chirwere cheshuga uye kufutisa, zvichiratidza kuti Teadenols ine zvinogona hypoglycemic uye uremu mhedzisiro.

Mubepa rino, kutariswa kwemukati, biosynthesis, yakazara synthesis uye bioactivity yeTeadenols mumicrobial yakaviriswa tii yakaongororwa, kuitira kupa hwaro hwesainzi uye referensi rengedzo yekuvandudza uye kushandiswa kweTeadenols.

▲ TA mufananidzo wemuviri

01

Kuonekwa kweTeadenols mumicrobial fermented tii

Mushure mekunge Teadenols yawanikwa kubva kuAspergillus SP (PK-1, FARM AP-21280) tii yakaviriswa kekutanga, HPLC neLC-MS/MS matekiniki akashandiswa kudzidza Teadenols mumhando dzakasiyana dzetii. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti Teadenols inonyanya kuwanikwa mumicrobial fermented tii.

▲ TA, TB liquid chromatogram

▲ Mass spectrometry ye microbial fermented tii uye TA neTB

Aspergillus oryzae SP.PK-1, FARM AP-21280, Aspergillus oryzae sp.AO-1, ​​NBRS 4214, Aspergillus awamori sp.SK-1, Aspergillus oryzae Sp.AO-1, ​​NBRS 4214, Aspergillus oryzae.SK-1 , NBRS 4122), Eurotium sp. Ka-1, FARM AP-21291, Mamiriro akasiyana eTeadenols akaonekwa mune yakaviriswa tii Kippukucha, Saryusoso, Yamabukinadeshiko, Suraribijin uye Kuroyamecha, gentoku-cha inotengeswa kuJapan, uye mune yakabikwa tii yePu erh, Liuckbao tii uye Fu. chai yeChina.

Izvo zvirimo zveTeadenols mumatii akasiyana zvakasiyana, izvo zvinofungidzirwa kukonzerwa neakasiyana ekugadzirisa mamiriro uye kuvirisa mamiriro.

Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti zvirimo zveTeadenols mumashizha etii zvisina microbial fermentation process, senge girinhi tii, dema tii, oolong tii uye chena tii, zvaive zvakaderera zvakanyanya, zviri pasi peiyo yekuona. Teadenol yemukati mumashizha etii akasiyana inoratidzwa muTafura 1.

02

Bioactivity yeTeadenols

Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti Teadenols inogona kukurudzira kuonda, kurwisa chirwere cheshuga, kurwisa oxidation, inhibisa kuwanda kwemasero egomarara uye kuchena ganda.

Teadenol A inogona kukurudzira adiponectin secretion. Adiponectin inonzi endogenous peptide yakavanzwa neadipocytes uye yakanyanya kunyanya kune adipose tissue. Iyo yakabatana zvakanyanya zvakashata ne visceral adipose tissue uye ine anti-inflammatory uye anti-atherosclerotic properties. Saka Teadenol A ine mukana wekuderedza uremu.

Teadenol A inodzivisawo kutaura kweprotein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), A classic non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase mumhuri yeprotein tyrosine phosphatase, iyo inoita basa rakakosha rakashata mukusaina insulin uye ikozvino inozivikanwa seArapeutic target yechirwere cheshuga. Teadenol A inogona kunyatso gadzirisa insulin nekudzivisa PTP1B kutaura. Zvichakadaro, TOMOTAKA et al. yakaratidza kuti Teadenol A is A ligand ye-long-chain fatty acid receptor GPR120, iyo inogona kusunga zvakananga nekuita GPR120 uye inokurudzira kubudiswa kwe insulin hormone GLP-1 mumatumbo eendocrine STC-1 masero. Glp-1 inhibits kuda kudya uye inowedzera insulin secretion, inoratidza anti-diabetic madhara. Naizvozvo, Teadenol A ine A inogona antidiabetic mhedzisiro.

Iyo IC50 tsika dzeDPPH yekutsvaira basa uye superoxide anion radical scavenging basa reTeadenol A yaive 64.8 μg/mL uye 3.335 mg/mL, zvichiteerana. Iyo IC50 kukosha kweiyo yakazara antioxidant kugona uye hydrogen yekupa simba yaive 17.6 U/mL uye 12 U/mL, zvichiteerana. Zvakaratidzwa zvakare kuti tii inobvisa ine Teadenol B ine yakakwira anti-proliferating chiitiko ichipokana neHT-29 colon cancer maseru, uye inhibit HT-29 colon cancer maseru nekuwedzera mazinga ekutaura e caspase-3/7, caspase-8 uye Caspase. -9, kufa kwekugamuchira uye mitochondrial apoptosis nzira.

Uye zvakare, Teadenols ikirasi yemapolyphenols anogona kuchena ganda nekudzivisa melanocyte kuita uye melanin synthesis.

03

Iyo synthesis yeTeadenols

Sezvingaonekwa kubva kudhata rekutsvagisa muTafura 1, Teadenols mu microbial fermentation tii ine yakaderera zvemukati uye mutengo wakakwira wekupfumisa nekucheneswa, izvo zvakaoma kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekutsvaga kwakadzama nekuvandudza kwekushandisa. Naizvozvo, nyanzvi dzakaita zvidzidzo pakuumbwa kwezvinhu zvakadaro kubva kumativi maviri ebiotransformation uye makemikari synthesis.

WULANDARI et al. inoculated Aspergillus SP (PK-1, FARM AP-21280) mune yakasanganiswa mhinduro ye sterilized EGCG uye GCG. Mushure memavhiki maviri etsika pa25 ℃, HPLC yakashandiswa kuongorora kuumbwa kwetsika yepakati. Teadenol A uye Teadenol B zvakaonekwa. Gare gare, Aspergillus oryzae A. Awamori (NRIB-2061) uye Aspergillus oryzae A. Kawachii (IFO-4308) vakaiswa muMusanganiswa we autoclave EGCG neGCG, maererano, vachishandisa nzira imwechete. Teadenol A uye Teadenol B zvakaonekwa mune ese aripakati. Izvi zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti microbial shanduko yeEGCG neGCG inogona kubudisa Teadenol A uye Teadenol B. SONG et al. yakashandisa EGCG seyakagadzirwa uye inoculated Aspergillus sp kudzidza mamiriro akakwana eTeadenol A uye Teadenol B kugadzirwa nemvura uye yakasimba tsika. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti yakagadziridzwa CZapEK-DOX yepakati ine 5% EGCG uye 1% yegreen tea poda yaive negoho repamusoro. Yakawanikwa kuti kuwedzerwa kwegirini yehupfu yehuni haina kukanganisa zvakananga kugadzirwa kweTeadenol A uye Teadenol B, asi kunyanya yakakonzera kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwebiosynthase inobatanidzwa. Mukuwedzera, YOSHIDA et al. Yakagadzirwa Teadenol A uye Teadenol B kubva phloroglucinol. Matanho akakosha ekubatanidza aive asymmetric α -aminoxy catalytic reaction yeorganic catalytic aldehydes uye intramolecular allyl substitution yepalladium-catalyzed phenol.

▲ Electron microscopy yetii yekuvirisa maitiro

04

Kushandisa kudzidza kweTeadenols

Nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakakosha kwebhaibheri, Teadenols yakashandiswa mumishonga, chikafu uye chikafu, zvizorwa, zvinoonekwa reagents uye mimwe minda.

Pane zvigadzirwa zvine hukama zvine Teadenols mumunda wekudya, seJapan Slimming Tea uye yakaviriswa tii polyphenols. Mukuwedzera, Yanagida et al. yakasimbisa kuti zvinwiwa zvetii zvine Teadenol A neTeadenol B zvinogona kuiswa mukugadziriswa kwechikafu, condiments, hutano hwekuwedzera, chikafu chemhuka uye zvekuzora. ITO et al. yakagadzira ganda repamusoro mumiriri ine Teadenols ine yakasimba chena mhedzisiro, yemahara radical inhibition uye anti-wrinkle mhedzisiro. Iyo ine zvakare mhedzisiro yekurapa acne, moisturizing, inosimudzira barriers basa, inhibiting UV-inotorwa kuzvimba uye anti-pressure maronda.

MuChina, Teadenols inonzi fu tii. Vatsvagiri vakaita Zvidzidzo zvakawanda pazvinwiwa zvetii kana mafomula emukomboni ane fu tii A uye Fu tii B maererano nekudzikisa lipids yeropa, kuderera kwehuremu, shuga yeropa, hypertension uye kupfavisa tsinga dzeropa. Iyo yakakwirira-kuchena fu tii A yakacheneswa uye yakagadzirirwa naZhao Ming et al. inogona kushandiswa kugadzira antilipid mishonga. He Zhihong et al. akagadzira tii capsules, mahwendefa kana magranules ane anhua yakasviba tii yeFu A uye Fu B, gynostema pentaphylla, Rhizoma orientalis, ophiopogon uye mamwe emishonga uye ezvekudya homology zvigadzirwa, zvine mhedzisiro uye inogara mhedzisiro pakurasikirwa uremu uye kuderedza lipid kune ese marudzi ekufuta. vanhu. Tan Xiao 'ao akagadzira tii yefuzhuan ine fuzhuan A uye Fuzhuan B, iri nyore kutorwa nemuviri wemunhu uye ine mhedzisiro iri pachena mukuderedza hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension uye kupfavisa tsinga dzeropa.

05

“Mutauro

Teadenols ndeye b-ring fission catechin derivatives iripo mumicrobial fermented tii, inogona kuwanikwa kubva ku microbial shanduko ye epigallocatechin gallate kana kubva kune yakazara synthesis ye phloroglucinol. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti Teadenols inowanikwa mune dzakasiyana siyana microbial fermented teas. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinosanganisira Aspergillus Niger fermented tea, Aspergillus oryzae fermented tea, Aspergillus oryzae fermented tea, Sachinella fermented tea, Kippukucha (Japan), Saryusoso (Japan), Yamabukinadeshiko (Japan), Suraribijin (Japan), Kuroyamecha (Japan), Gentok U-Japan), cha (Japan), Awa-Bancha (Japan), Goishi-cha (Japan), Pu 'er tii, Liubao tii uye Fu Brick tii, asi zviri mukati meTeadenols mumatii akasiyana zvakasiyana. Zvinyorwa zveTeadenol A neB zvakabva pa0.01% kusvika 6.98% uye 0.01% kusvika 0.54%, zvichiteerana. Panguva imwecheteyo, oolong, chena, girini uye dema teas haina izvi zvinosanganiswa.

Nezvekutsvagisa kuri kuita ikozvino, zvidzidzo zveTeadenols zvichiri zvishoma, zvinosanganisira chete kwainobva, zvirimo, biosynthesis uye yakazara nzira yekugadzira, uye maitiro ayo ekuita nekusimudzira uye mashandisiro achiri kuda kutsvagisa kwakawanda. Nekuenderera mberi nekutsvagisa, Teadenols makomisheni achave nehukuru hwekusimudzira uye yakafara tarisiro yekushandisa.