Iyo tuvuga icyayi, dukunze kuvuga kuri fermentation yuzuye, igice cya fermentation, na fermentation yoroheje. Uwitekaimashini ya fermentationni imashini ikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya icyayi. Reka twige kubyerekeye fermentation yicyayi.

Gusembura icyayi - okiside yibinyabuzima

Icyayi cy'Ubushinwa kigabanijwemo ibyiciro bitandatu by'icyayi ukurikije impamyabumenyi zitandukanye za fermentation hamwe nuburyo bwuzuye bwo gukora. Mu cyayi, ikibabi kimwe kibisi gitunganyirizwa mu cyayi kibisi, icyayi cyirabura, icyayi cya oolong, nibindi binyuze muri okiside yibinyabuzima igenzurwa, inzira nayo bita fermentation nabi. Iyi nzira irasa nuruhererekane rwibisubizo byimisemburo, kandi birashoboka ko byitwa okiside yibinyabuzima. Hifashishijwe okiside yibinyabuzima ya selile yicyayi yangiritse muriimashini isembura icyayi, okiside igaragara murukuta rw'akagari iteza imbere urukurikirane rwa okiside ya catechine.

Mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'icyayi, catechine ibaho mumazi ya selile, mugihe oxydease ibaho cyane kurukuta rw'akagari, ntabwo ahanini iba mikorobe, bityo urukuta rw'akagari rugomba kwangirika. Ibi mubisanzwe bisobanura impamvu icyayi gisembuye gisaba kuzunguruka hamwe naicyayi kibabi. Ukurikije urwego rutandukanye rwa okiside ya polifenol, irashobora kugabanywamo fermentation yuzuye, igice cya fermentation na fermentation yoroheje. Mu cyayi cy'umukara, urugero rwa okiside ya polifenole ni rwinshi, ibyo bita fermentation yuzuye; mu cyayi cya oolong, urugero rwa okiside ya polifenole ni kimwe cya kabiri, ibyo bita semi-fermentation.

Ibyavuzwe haruguru nubusobanuro bwibanze bwa fermentation ikunze kuvugwa mubyayi byabashinwa. Nyamara, kubera icyayi cyinshi mubushinwa, tekinike nziza yo gutunganya nuburyo bwo gutegura, hamwe nibisobanuro bitandukanye byubwiza, abantu bakunze gukoreshaimashini itunganya icyayi cyamashanyarazigukora fermentation yagenzuwe. Mubikorwa byo gukora no gukora neza byamababi yicyayi, usibye fermentation yavuzwe haruguru muburyo bwa okiside yibinyabuzima hiyongereyeho reaction ya enzymatique yayo, mikorobe nazo zizagira uruhare mubihuza bimwe.