Umuzingo wogufasha.in Inkunga yawe: Ubuhinde bukeneye itangazamakuru ryigenga nibitangazamakuru byigenga biragukeneye.
"Wakora iki ku mafaranga 200 muri iki gihe?" abaza Joshila Gurung, icyatsi kibisi kuri CD guhagarika icyayi cyicyayi muri Pulbazari, Darjeeling, winjiza amafaranga 232 kumunsi. Yavuze ko igiciro kimwe kimeze mu modoka isangiwe ni amafaranga 400 kuri Siliburi, imyaka 60 uvuye i Darjeeling, n'umujyi mukuru ukomeye aho abakozi bafatwa nk'indwara zikomeye.
Ubu ni ukuri kw'abakozi ibihumbi icumi ku mirima y'icyayi yo mu majyaruguru ya Bengal, muri bo hejuru ya 50 ku ijana ni abagore. Raporo yacu i Darjeeli yerekana ko bahembwaga umushahara muto, babohewe umurimo w'abakozi ba Koloni, bari bafite uburenganzira bw'ubutaka, kandi bafite uburenganzira bwo kubona gahunda za leta.
Raporo ya Komite 2022 ivuga iti: "Imirimo ikaze n'imibereho myiza y'abakozi b'ibihugu byibutsa imirimo itemewe n'amategeko bashinzwe mu Bwongereza .22 habaye abadepite .2
Abakozi baragerageza kuzamura imibereho yabo, baravuga bati: Kandi abahanga bemera. Abakozi benshi batoza abana babo bakabohereza gukora ku mirima. Twasanze kandi barwanira umushahara munini n'ubutaka bwo gutunga ubutaka.
Ariko ubuzima bwabo busanzwe bufite ibyago byinshi bitewe n'inzego z'icyayi cya Darjeel kubera imihindagurikire y'ikirere, guhatana ku isi ihendutse no gutanga umusaruro no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba no gusaba. Ingingo ya mbere ni igice cyuruhererekane. Igice cya kabiri nigice kizatangira uko abakozi bashinzwe icyayi.
Kuva ishyirahamwe ry'itegeko rishinzwe kurwanya ubutaka mu 1955, ubutaka bw'icyayi cyo guhinga bwa Bengal nta mutwe ariko gatirwa. Guverinoma ya Leta.
Ku gisekuru, abashinzwe icyayi bubatse amazu yabo ku butaka ku buntu ku bimera biri mu gihingwa cya Darjeeling, duars hamwe n'uturere twa Terai.
N'ubwo nta mahame y'Inama Njyanama y'umurimo wa mu Buge mu Buhinde, nk'uko abaturage bahitanye icyayi, Terai na manani bari 11,24.90.906, muri bo 12,6266 bari 12,6266. bari abaturage bahoraho ndetse n'abarenga 70.000+ by'agateganyo kandi bagirana amasezerano.
Nkikigo cyahise cyabakoloni, ba nyirayo bategetse imiryango ituye kumubiri kugirango bohereze byibuze umunyamuryango umwe gukora mu busitani bwicyayi cyangwa babura inzu yabo. Abakozi ntibafite igitaramo ku butaka, bityo nta cyemezo cy'umugaragaro kitwa Parja-Patta.
Nk'uko ubushakashatsi bwitwa "Gukoresha imirimo mu guhinga icyayi" bwasohowe mu 2021, kubera ko umurimo uhoraho mu bihingwa by'icyayi bishobora kuboneka binyuze mu buvandimwe, bidashoboka, biganisha ku masoko y'umuryango w'ubuntu, biganisha ku miryango itegamiye ku mirimo y'abacakara. Ikinyamakuru cy'ubuyobozi bw'amategeko n'ubumuntu. "
Abatora abatora amafaranga bishyuwe kugeza 232 kumunsi. Nyuma yo gukuramo amafaranga mu kigega cyo kuzigama abakozi, abakozi bahabwa amafaranga agera kuri 200, bavuga ko rudahagije kubaho kandi ntibasun uko umurimo bakora.
Umuyobozi wa Mohan Chirimar, umuyobozi mukuru w'icyayi ari muri iryo murimbi, igipimo cy'abakozi bahari mu bakozi b'icyayi muri Bengal y'Amajyaruguru birenga 40%. "Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cy'abakozi bacu b'ubusitani ntagijya ku kazi."
Umuhacyaha w'icyayi muri Bengang, Sumendra Tamang yagize ati: "Amasaha make yakoraga imirimo iboneye kandi ifite ubuhanga niyo mpamvu abakozi bashinzwe uburenganzira bw'icyayi baragabanuka buri munsi." Ati: "Birasanzwe ko abantu basibye akazi mu mirima y'icyayi kandi bagakorera muri Mgnrega [gahunda yo mu cyaro cya guverinoma] cyangwa ahandi aho umushahara uri hejuru."
Joshila Gurung yo Guhinga Icyayi cya Ging muri Darjeeling Sunique Sunique Biki na Chandrararati Tamang basabye ko icyifuzo cyabo gikenewe cyo kwiyongera kw'icyayi.
Nk'uko uruziga ruheruka rutangwa n'ibiro bya Komiseri ba Komiseri Busing Bustie, umushahara muto wa buri munsi wo kuba abakozi b'ubuhinzi badafite ubumenyi bagomba kuba 284 badafite amafunguro n'amafunguro.
Icyakora, umushahara w'abakozi b'icyayi ugenwa n'iteraniro ry'inyabutandi bitabira abahagarariye amashyirahamwe y'icyayi, Ihuriro n'abayobozi ba leta. Ihuriro ryifuzaga gushyiraho umushahara mushya wa buri munsi w'amafaranga 240, ariko muri Kamena guverinoma ya Burengerazuba yatangaye ku mafaranga 232.
Umuyobozi wa Rakesh Sarki, mu kibaya cyiza, Igihingwa cya kabiri cya Darjeelning icyayi cya kera, nanone binubira ubwishyu budasanzwe. Ati: "Ntabwo twigeze twishyurwa buri gihe kuva 2017. Baduha amafaranga y'ibibyimba buri mezi abiri cyangwa atatu. Rimwe na rimwe, haratinze gutinda, kandi ni kimwe no guhinga icyayi ku musozi."
Dawari, umunyeshuri w'ibipimo, Dawa Sherpa, umunyeshuri w'ibipimo, bidashoboka mu bushakashatsi mu bukungu, ntabwo ari umunyeshuri w'ibimuga. Ubushakashatsi no gutegura mu Buhinde. Kaminuza ya Jawaharlal Nehru, ukomoka i Kunsto. "Darjeeling na Assam bafite umushahara muto w'abakozi b'icyayi. Mu gihingwa cy'icyayi mu baturanyi, abakozi binjiza amafaranga 500 ku munsi. Muri Kerala, umushahara wa buri munsi urenze ku ya 400, ndetse no muri Tamil Nadu, naho amafaranga 350 gusa."
Raporo ya 2022 ivuye muri komite y'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ihagaze isaba ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'amategeko adasanzwe y'abakozi bashinzwe imirima y'icyayi, avuga ko umushahara wa buri munsi mu bihingwa by'icyayi byari "umushahara muto cyane ku mukozi uwo ari we wese mu gihugu mu gihugu".
Umushahara uri hasi kandi ufite umutekano, niyo mpamvu abakozi ibihumbi nka rakesh na Joshra baca intege abana babo gukora kumurima wicyayi. Yoshaloa ati: "Turimo gukora cyane kugira ngo twigishe abana bacu. Ntabwo ari uguteka neza, ariko byibuze barashobora gusoma no kwandika. Kuki bagomba kumena amagufwa yo kwishyura icyayi. Yizera ko abakozi b'icyayi bakoreshwaga ibisekuruza kubera kutamenya gusoma no kwandika. "Abana bacu bagomba kumena urunigi."
Usibye umushahara, abakozi bo mu busitani bw'icyayi bafite uburenganzira bwo kubika amafaranga, pansiyo, imiturire, uburezi ku buntu ku bakozi babo, amasuku, ibikoresho byo kurinda nka fuel, umutaka, inkweto, na bote nyinshi. Nk'uko iyi raporo nyamukuru, umushahara wose w'abakozi ni amafaranga 350 kumunsi. Abakoresha barasabwa kandi kwishyura ibihembo byumwaka wa Durga Puja.
Umwijima w'icyayi cya Darjeeli abigenga ku giti cye; uwahoze ari nyirayo byibuze imitungo 10 muri Bengal
Mu Kwakira, Darjeel yicyayi cyicyayi sdn bhd amaherezo yagurishije imirima itandatu yicyayi. Umuseshyi w'ikibaya cya Sarkey yagize ati: "Ba nyirubwite bahanganye. Umushahara wa Sarkes utarahembwa kandi mu Gushyingo Bonus gusa.
Sobhadebi Tamanang yavuze ko ibintu bimeze ubu bisa na Pesshok Icyayi cy'icyayi kiri munsi ya nyiri mushya wa Silicon Ubuhinzi bw'icyayi. "Mama yangije ikiruhuko cy'izabukuru, ariko inama n'inama ziracyafite indashyikirwa. Ubuyobozi bushya bwiyemeje kwishyura imisanzu yacu yose mu bice bitatu bitarenze 31 Nyakanga [2023]."
Umuyobozi we, Pesang Norbu Tamang, yavuze ko abafite ba nyir'ubwite bari bataratura kandi ntibahita bishyura imisanzu yabo, bongeraho ko Premium ya Pujo yari yishyuwe ku gihe. Mugenzi wa Sobhadebi, Sushila Rai yihutiye gusubiza. "Ntibigeze batwishyura neza."
Ati: "Umushahara wacu wa buri munsi wari amafaranga 202, ariko guverinoma yayaremuye amafaranga 232. Nubwo ba nyir'ubwite bamenyeshejwe kwiyongera muri kamena, twemerewe umushahara mushya kuva Mutarama". "Nyirubwite ntabwo yishyuye."
Dukurikije 2021 ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru mpuzamahanga cy'ubuyobozi bwemewe n'ubumuntu, abayobozi b'imirima y'icyayi bakunze gutsinda ububabare buterwa no gufunga icyayi, gutera ubwoba iyo basabye umushahara cyangwa. Ati: "Iri terabwoba ryo gufunga rishyira ibintu mu buyobozi cyane kandi abakozi bagomba kubahiriza."
Taang yagize ati: "Abafatanije ntibigeze babona amafaranga n'inama. Ndetse iyo [ba nyir'ubwite] bahatiwe kubikora, bahoraga bishyurwa munsi y'abakozi batinze ku bucakara.
Kuba abakozi b'ubutaka ni ikibazo cyo gutongana hagati ya banyiri icyayi n'abakozi. Abafite ba nyirubwite bavuga ko abantu bagumana amazu yabo mumirima yicyayi nubwo badakora ku mirima, mugihe abakozi bavuga ko bagomba guhabwa uburenganzira bwubutaka kuko imiryango yabo yamye iba ku butaka.
Chirimar yicyayi muri siriya yatangaje ko ibirenga 40 ku ijana byabantu kuririmba icyayi nta busitani. Ati: "Abantu bajya muri Singapore na Dubai ku kazi, kandi imiryango yabo hano yishimira inyungu z'amazu ... ubu ko umuryango ugomba gufata ingamba zikomeye zo kwemeza ko mu busitani umwe ukorera mu busitani. Genda nakazi, nta kibazo dufite."
Ubumwe bwizuba Rai, umunyamabanga uhuje hamwe na Terai Dooars Chia Kaman Mazdoor, ati "nta cyemezo cy'icyayi kivuga" nta cyemezo cy'icyayi "kimutera kubaka amazu y'icyayi. "Bavuye mu rugo bubatse?"
Rai, akaba n'umuvugizi w'iryo huriro (Hills), Ihuriro ry'abakozi bo mu turere twa politiki mu turere twa Darjeling na Kalimpong, uburenganzira bwabo bwo kwemeza nyirubwite).
Kuberako badafite ibikorwa byumutwe cyangwa gukodesha, abakozi ntibashobora kwandikisha imitungo yabo gahunda yubwishingizi.
Manju Rai, iterana ku mutungo w'icyayi wa Tukvar muri qulbaziri ya CD Pulbazari ya Darjeeling, ntabwo yakiriye indishyi ku rugo rwe, yangijwe nabi n'inyanja. Yaravuze ati: "Inzu nubatse [biturutse ku nkoni z'imigano, imifuka ishaje. Ati: "Nta mafaranga mfite yo kubaka indi nzu. Abahungu banjye bombi bakora mu bwikorezi. Ndetse amafaranga yabo ntahagije. Ubufasha ubwo aribwo bwose bwabaye bwinshi."
Raporo ya komite ihoraho y'abadepite yavuze ko gahunda "itesha agaciro ivugurura ry'ubutaka bw'igihugu mu gukumira abakozi b'icyayi kwishimira uburenganzira bwabo bw'ibanze nubwo bafite imyaka irindwi."
Rai avuga ko icyifuzo cya Parija Habonetse kuva mu gihe cya 2013. Yavuze ko mu gihe abatowe bashinzwe n'abanyapolitiki bakaba baretse ngo bagaragaze ko abakozi b'icyayi bamenyesheje Paga Patta kubakozi b'icyayi. " . Ibihe birahinduka, nubwo buhoro. "
Dibyendu Bathattacharya, umunyamabanga uhuza Minisiteri n'impunzi z'i Burengerazuba n'impunzi, ubutabazi no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe mu biro by'umunyamabanga umwe w'umunyamabanga wa minisiteri, yanze kuvuga kuri iki kibazo. Hasubiwe Hasi, "Ntabwo nemerewe kuvugana n'itangazamakuru."
Bisabwe n'Ubunyamabanga, Imeri yoherejwe ku munyamabanga hamwe n'ibibazo birambuye bibaza impamvu abakozi b'icyayi batahawe uburenganzira bw'ubutaka. Tuzavugurura inkuru iyo asubije.
Rajeshvi Pradhan, umwanditsi wo muri kaminuza y'amategeko ya Rajiv Gandhi yo gucura: "Yanditse mu mpapuro 202 za Gandhi yo gucura:" Kubura isoko ry'umurimo no kubura abakozi ba Darjeel hafi y'abakozi, "Kubura Amahirwe y'icyaya
Impuguke zivuga intandaro yikibazo cyabakozi b'icyayi kiri mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rikennye cyangwa bidakomeye ryo gukora ibikorwa by'imirimo yo mu 1951. Ibihingwa byose byicyayi byanditswe ninama yicyayi zo mu Buhinde i Darjeeling, Terai n'umuganga bagengwa nigikorwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abakozi bose bahoraho n'imiryango muri ubwo busitani bafite uburenganzira ku nyungu zikurikizwa n'amategeko.
Mu gikorwa cy'umurimo wo guhinga, 1956, guverinoma y'uburengerazuba bwashinze ibikorwa by'umurimo rusange cy'ibihingwa by'uburengerazuba, 1956 kugira ngo ishyire mu bikorwa rusange. Icyakora, Sherpas na Tamang bavuga ko hafi y'ibihugu binini byo mu majyaruguru ya Bengal bishobora gusuzugura amabwiriza yo hagati no muri Leta.
Igikorwa cy'umurimo wo guhinga kivuga ko "Umukoresha wese ashinzwe gutanga no gukomeza amazu ahagije kubakozi bose hamwe nabagize imiryango yabo batuye igihingwa." Ba nyir'icyayi bashinzwe icyayi batanze ubutaka bwubusa bumaze imyaka irenga 100 ishize ni ububiko bwabo kubakozi nimiryango yabo.
Ku rundi ruhande, abahinzi b'icyayi barenga 150 ntibakita ku gikorwa cy'umurimo wo guhinga cya 1951 kubera ko gikora kuri hegitari itarenze 5 zidafite amabwiriza yayo, Sherpa ati.
Umuyobozi wa Manju, Manju, amazu ye yangijwe n'indishyi z'ikibuga, afite indishyi mu gikorwa cy'imirimo y'imirimo yo guhinga ya 1951. "Yatanze ibyifuzo bibiri, ariko nyirayo ntiyari yirinze Patrita.
Komite y'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ihagaze yavuze ko "dummies yarwaniye uburenganzira bwabo mu gihugu cyabo, atari ukubaho gusa, ahubwo no gushyingura abo mu muryango wabo bapfuye." Komite irasaba ko amategeko "yemera uburenganzira n'amazina y'abakozi bato kandi baherutse kurebwa mu bihugu by'abasekuruza babo."
Itegeko ryo kurengera ibihingwa 2018 ryatanzwe n'ikigo cy'icyayi cyo mu Buhinde birasaba ko abakozi bahabwa uburinzire bw'umutwe, inkweto, gants, isasu no kurengera no gutangara no kurengera mu murima.
Abakozi binubira ubuziranenge no gukoresha ibikoresho bishya uko byarambara cyangwa bicika igihe. Guteng yicyayi kibisi yicyayi cya JIN. "We [Umuyobozi] yarakozwe nkaho yishyura ibikoresho byacu mu mufuka. Ariko niba umunsi umwe twabuze akazi kuko ikintu cyose cyari gifite uturema cyangwa ngo tubuze gukuramo umushahara." .
Joshila yavuze ko uturindantoki tutamurinda amaboko ku mpumuro y'uburozi y'imiti yica udukoko twateye ku mababi y'icyayi. Ati: "Ibiryo byacu binuka nkiminsi dukoresha imiti." Ntukigikore. Ntugire ikibazo, turi abahinzi. Turashobora kurya no gusya ikintu cyose. "
Raporo ya Behanbox ya 2022 yasanze abagore bakora ku gihingwa cy'icyayi muri BEngal yabereye ku mitiba y'amajyaruguru, ibyatsi ndetse n'ifumbire nta bikoresho byo kurinda uburozi, bitera ibibazo by'uruhu, iyerekwa ry'ubuhumekero.