Icyayibivuga uburyo amababi yicyayi azungurutswe mumurongo hifashishijwe imbaraga, hanyuma ingirangingo yibibabi ikangirika, bigatuma umutobe wicyayi urengerwa. Ninzira yingenzi yo gushiraho ubwoko butandukanye bwicyayi no gushiraho uburyohe nimpumuro nziza. Urwego rwo kuzunguruka rushobora gupimwa n "igipimo cyangirika cy ingirabuzimafatizo", "igipimo cya strip", n "" icyayi cyacitse ". Iyo kuzunguruka, ni ngombwa gutandukanya kuzunguruka gushyushye no gukonjesha, no kwitondera ingaruka zigihe cyo kuzunguruka nigitutu cyo kuzunguruka mugihe cyo gukora.

Gushyuha no gukonja

Ibyo bita gushyushya bivuga kuzunguruka amababi yumye mugihe akiri ashyushye, atakonje; Ibyo bita gukonjesha bivuga inzira yo kuzinga amababi yicyatsi nyuma yo gukurwa mu nkono hanyuma akemererwa gukonja mugihe runaka kugeza igihe ubushyuhe bwamababi bugabanutse mubushyuhe bwicyumba. Kuzunguruka bituma ibice bigize selile yamababi (nka proteyine, pectine, krahisi, nibindi) byinjira hejuru yamababi. Ibirimo birimo ibishishwa mubushuhe runaka, bufite akamaro ko kuzinga amababi yicyayi mumirongo no kurushaho gutunganya imiterere yabyo mugihe cyo kumisha. Amababi afite urwego rutandukanye rwimyaka nubwuzu afite amashami atandukanye. Amababi afite ubwuzu bwinshi akunda gukora imirongo iyo azungurutse bitewe na selile nkeya hamwe na pectine nyinshi; Amababi ashaje arimo ibinyamisogwe byinshi, kandi kubizunguruka mugihe bishyushye ni ingirakamaro kuri krahisi kugirango ikomeze gelatine kandi ivange neza nibindi bintu, bityo byongere ubwiza bwubuso bwibabi. Muri icyo gihe, munsi yubushyuhe, selile yoroshye kandi ikora imirongo byoroshye. Ariko ibibi byo kuzunguruka bishyushye akenshi ni uko ibara ryibabi rikunda kuba umuhondo kandi hariho guhagarara kw'amazi. Kubwibyo, kubibabi byoroheje, bikunda gukora imirongo mugihe cyo kuzunguruka. Kugirango ugumane ibara ryiza nimpumuro nziza, hagomba gukoreshwa imbeho ikonje; Kubibabi bishaje bikuze, kubizunguruka mugihe bishyushye birashobora kugera kubigaragara neza. Nubwo kuzunguruka bishyushye bigira ingaruka kumabara no guhumurirwa, amababi ashaje asanzwe afite impumuro yo hasi kandi afite icyatsi kibisi. Kuzunguruka bishyushye bitakaza chlorophyll, bidafite ingaruka nke gusa kubara ryabyo, ariko rimwe na rimwe bituma munsi yamababi aba meza. Kubwibyo, amababi ashaje agomba gukorerwa ibishyushye. Ubusanzwe amababi mashya afite igiti kimwe, amababi abiri, namababi atatu afite ubwuzu buciriritse kandi agomba gutekwa buhoro. Amababi yicyatsi agomba gukwirakwira gato no gukomwa mugihe agishyushye. Ubuhanga bwo gushyuha no gukonja bigomba guterwa nibihe byihariye.

Kuzunguruka igihe hamwe nigitutu

Byombi bifitanye isano ya hafi kandi bigomba gusuzumwa hamwe, gushimangira ikintu kimwe gusa kidahagije. Akenshi, hari igihe igihe cyo kuzunguruka kitaba kirekire, ariko kubera umuvuduko ukabije, ibiti n'amababi biratandukana, kandi amababi yazunguye avunika mbere yuko ahinduka imirongo. Kuzunguruka amababi bigomba kugera ku gipimo runaka cyo kumeneka mu gihe ukomeza ubusugire bw’imigozi, kandi igipimo cy’ibipande kigomba kuba cyujuje ibisabwa. Amababi meza hamwe ningemwe zigomba kubikwa kandi ntizimeneke. Usibye ingano ikwiye yamababi, igomba kuba "igihe kigomba kuboneka kandi igitutu kigomba kuba gikwiye". Niba igitutu kidakwiye, cyane cyane niba kiremereye cyane, ingaruka zizunguruka byanze bikunze bigoye kubyemeza. Kuberako munsi yumuvuduko ukabije, amababi namababi byanze bikunze bizavunika kandi bimeneka nyuma yigihe runaka. Nubwo igihe cyo kuzunguruka kumababi yateye imbere gishyirwaho muminota 20-30, mubisanzwe ntabwo ari byiza gushiraho igitutu cyangwa igitutu cyumucyo gishobora gukoreshwa; Niba ubu bwoko bwamababi yateye imbere bwatewe numuvuduko ukabije, bizavamo imirongo yicyayi ituzuye hamwe ningemwe zimenetse nyuma yiminota 15-20 yo guteka. Rero, mugihe utetse amababi meza, igihe kigomba kuba cyizewe udashyizeho ingufu cyangwa udashyizeho ingufu zumucyo, kandi igihe cyo guteka ntigishobora kuba gito cyane. Ubu ni uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kwemeza ko "bigomba gukubitwa neza, guhora bicamo ibice, kandi bigakomeza gukara". Ibinyuranye, kuzunguruka amababi ashaje biragoye kuzuza ibisabwa kugirango udakoresheje umuvuduko mwinshi.

Kugirango tunoze imikorere kandi tugabanye ubukana bwumurimo, ubwoko bwinshi bwo guteranaicyayina byikoraumurongo utanga icyayibyatejwe imbere, bishobora kugera ku gufungura byikora, gupima no kugaburira, gufunga, kotsa igitutu, no gusohora inzira zose. Ibipimo byimikorere birashobora kandi guhinduka kugirango ubuziranenge buzenguruke. Ukoresheje tekinoroji ya PLC yo kugenzura no gukoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo guhuza imashini yo kuzunguruka no kugoreka, guhora utunganya ibyuma byo kugaburira imashini nyinshi no gukora cycle cycle byagezweho. Ariko ubu bwoko bwo kuzunguruka no kugoreka buracyakeneye kunyura muguhagarika no kugaburira ibyuma, kandi bigera gusa kumurongo uhoraho.

INAMA: Icyayi kibisi kizunguruka bisaba kumenya ihame ryo kuzunguruka neza amababi meza no kuzunguruka cyane amababi ashaje
Uburemere, igihe bimara, nuburyo bwo kuzunguruka bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yicyayi kibisi. Niba hashyizweho ingufu nyinshi, umutobe munini wicyayi uzarengerwa, kandi flavonoide zimwe na zimwe zirahinduka okiside kugirango bibe ibintu byirabura byirabura, byangiza ibara ryamababi yicyayi; Mugihe kimwe, kubera umuvuduko wiyongereye wangirika kwingirabuzimafatizo, ibara ryisupu ni ryinshi ariko ntirimurika bihagije. Niba igihe cyo gukata ari kirekire cyane, ibintu bya polifenolike bikunda guhura na okiside ku bushyuhe bwicyumba, bigatuma ibara ryisupu rihinduka umuhondo; Nyamara, kuzunguruka bidahagije bivamo uburyohe bworoshye nibara, bidashobora gukora imiterere ifatanye kandi yumurongo wicyayi kibisi, bikagabanya ubwiza bwayo bwo hanze. Kubwibyo, uburyo butandukanye bwo kuzunguruka no kugoreka mugihe cyo gutunganya bigira ingaruka zitandukanye kumiterere yicyayi.