Pambuyo kutola tiyi, mwachibadwa kupewa vuto lakudulira mitengo ya tiyi. Lero, tiyeni timvetsetse chifukwa chake kudulira mtengo wa tiyi kuli kofunikira komanso momwe mungadulire?

1. Physiological maziko a mitengo ya tiyi kudulira

Mitengo ya tiyi ili ndi mawonekedwe akukula kwa apical. Kukula kwa apical kwa tsinde lalikulu kumakhala kofulumira, pomwe masamba am'mbali amakula pang'onopang'ono kapena amakhala ogona. The apical ubwino kupewa ofananira nawo Mphukira kumera kapena linalake ndipo tikulephera kukula kwa ofananira nawo nthambi. Podulira kuti muchotse mwayi wapamwamba, zolepheretsa za mphukira zam'mbali zimatha kuchotsedwa. Kudulira kwa mtengo wa tiyi kumatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa mitengo ya tiyi, potero kubwezeretsanso kukula ndi nyonga. Pankhani ya kukula kwa mtengo wa tiyi, kudulira kumapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lolimba pakati pa nthaka ndi pansi, zomwe zimathandiza kulimbikitsa kukula pamwamba pa nthaka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kukula kwamphamvu kwa korona wa mtengo kumapanga zinthu zowonjezera, ndipo mizu imathanso kupeza zakudya zambiri, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu.

Kuphatikiza apo, kudulira kumakhudza kwambiri kusintha kwa chiŵerengero cha carbon nitrogen ndi kulimbikitsa kukula kwa michere. Masamba ofewa a mitengo ya tiyi amakhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri, pomwe masamba akale amakhala ndi mpweya wambiri. Ngati nthambi zapamwamba sizidulidwe kwa nthawi yayitali, nthambi zimakalamba, chakudya chidzawonjezeka, nayitrogeni idzachepa, chiŵerengero cha carbon ndi nitrogen chidzakhala chokwera, kukula kwa michere kudzachepa, ndipo maluwa ndi zipatso zidzawonjezeka. Kudulira kumatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa mitengo ya tiyi, ndipo madzi ndi michere yomwe imayamwa ndi mizu imachulukanso. Mukadula nthambi zina, chiŵerengero cha carbon ndi nayitrogeni cha nthambi zatsopano chidzakhala chaching'ono, chomwe chidzalimbikitsa kukula kwa zakudya zamagulu omwe ali pamwambawa.

2. Nthawi yodulira mtengo wa tiyi

Kudulira mitengo ya tiyi isanamere masika ndi nthawi yomwe imakhudza kwambiri mtengo. Panthawi imeneyi, pali zinthu zokwanira zosungiramo mumizu, ndipo ndi nthawi yomwe kutentha kumakwera pang'onopang'ono, mvula imakhala yochuluka, ndipo kukula kwa mitengo ya tiyi kumakhala koyenera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, masika ndi chiyambi cha kukula kwa chaka, ndipo kudulira kumathandiza kuti mphukira zatsopano zikhale ndi nthawi yayitali kuti zikule bwino.

Kusankha nthawi yodulira kumafunikanso kutsimikiziridwa ndi nyengo m'madera osiyanasiyana. M'madera omwe kutentha kwambiri kwa chaka chonse, kudulira kumatha kuchitika kumapeto kwa nyengo ya tiyi; M'madera a tiyi ndi madera okwera tiyi komwe kuli chiwopsezo cha kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira, kudulira kwa masika kuyenera kuyimitsidwa. Koma palinso madera ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuchepetsa kutalika kwa korona wa mtengo kuti athetse kuzizira kuti ateteze nthambi za pamwamba pa mtengowo kuti zisazizira. Kudulira kumeneku kumachitika bwino kumapeto kwa autumn; Madera a tiyi okhala ndi nyengo youma ndi mvula asadulidwe nyengo yadzuwa isanakwane, apo ayi zimakhala zovuta kumera mutatha kudulira.

3. Njira zodulira mitengo ya tiyi

Kudulira kwa mitengo ya tiyi yokhwima kumachitika pamaziko a kudulira kosasunthika, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito kuphatikizika kwa kudulira kopepuka komanso kudulira kozama kuti kukhalebe ndikukula kolimba komanso kutola bwino korona pamwamba pa mtengo wa tiyi, ndikumera mochulukirapo, kuti musunge. ubwino wokhala ndi zokolola zambiri.

Kudulira kopepuka: Nthawi zambiri, kudulira pang'ono kumachitika kamodzi pachaka pamtengo wokolola korona wa tiyi, ndikuwonjezeka kwa 3-5 cm kuchokera pakudulira kwam'mbuyo. Ngati korona ali waukhondo komanso wamphamvu, kudulira kumatha kuchitika kamodzi pachaka. Cholinga cha kudulira pang'ono ndikusunga maziko abwino komanso olimba omera pamtengo wothyola tiyi, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa michere, ndi kuchepetsa maluwa ndi zipatso. Nthawi zambiri, mutatha kutola tiyi ya kasupe, kudulira pang'ono kumachitika nthawi yomweyo, kudula mphukira zachaka chatha ndi mphukira za autumn za chaka chatha.

Kudulira mozama: Pambuyo pa zaka zothyola ndi kudulira pang'ono, nthambi zambiri zazing'ono ndi zamphuno zimamera pamwamba pa mtengo. Chifukwa cha timadontho ting'onoting'ono, zomwe zimalepheretsa kubereka kwa michere, mphukira ndi masamba omwe amapangidwa amakhala opyapyala komanso ang'onoang'ono, okhala ndi masamba ochulukirapo pakati pawo, omwe amatha kuchepetsa zokolola komanso zabwino. Chifukwa chake, zaka zingapo zilizonse, mtengo wa tiyi ukakumana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, kudulira kozama kuyenera kuchitika, kudula nthambi za mapazi a nkhuku 10-15 cm pamwamba pa korona kuti zibwezeretse mphamvu za mtengo ndikukulitsa kumera kwake. Mukatha kudulira mozama, pitirizani ndi kudulirako pang'ono. Ngati nkhuku mapazi nthambi kuonekera kachiwiri m`tsogolo, kuchititsa kuchepa kwa zokolola, wina kwambiri kudulira akhoza kuchitidwa. Kusinthasintha kobwerezabwerezaku kumatha kukulitsa kukula kwamitengo ya tiyi ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri. Kudulira mozama kumachitika tiyi isanayambe kuphuka.

Zida zodulira zopepuka komanso zakuya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ahedge trimmer, yokhala ndi mpeni wakuthwa ndi mdulidwe wathyathyathya kuti musadutse nthambi ndikukhudza machiritso a chilonda momwe mungathere.

4.Kulumikizana pakati pa kudulira mtengo wa tiyi ndi njira zina

(1) Ziyenera kugwirizana kwambiri ndi kasamalidwe ka feteleza ndi madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri organicfeterezandi phosphorous potaziyamu fetereza pamaso kudulira, ndi yake ntchito topdressing pamene mphukira zatsopano zitamera pambuyo kudulira kungalimbikitse amphamvu ndi mofulumira kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano, mokwanira akuyesetsa kuyembekezera zotsatira kudulira;

(2) Ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kukolola ndi kusunga. Chifukwa cha kudulira kwakukulu, malo a masamba a tiyi amachepetsedwa, ndipo malo a photosynthetic amachepetsedwa. Nthambi zokolola pansi pa kudulira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa ndipo sizingathe kupanga malo okolola. Choncho, m'pofunika kusunga ndi kuonjezera makulidwe a nthambi, ndipo pamaziko awa, kuphuka yachiwiri kukula nthambi, ndi kukulitsa kutola pamwamba kachiwiri kudzera kudulira; (3) Iyenera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi njira zowononga tizilombo. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mwachangu ndikuwongolera nsabwe za m'masamba, ma geometer a tiyi, njenjete za tiyi, ndi tiyi zomwe zimawononga mphukira zanthete. Nthambi ndi masamba omwe anasiyidwa panthawi yokonzanso ndi kukonzanso mitengo ya tiyi yokalamba iyenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga m'munda kuti athandizidwe, ndipo nthaka yozungulira zitsa zamitengo ndi tchire la tiyi iyenera kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuti athetse matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.