Chofupikitsa
9,10-Anthraquinone (AQ) ndiosavuta ndi chiwopsezo cha carcinogenic ndikumapezeka mu tiyi padziko lonse lapansi. Malire otsalira (MRL) ya AQ mu tiyi wokhazikitsidwa ndi European Union (EU) ndi 0.02 mg / kg / kg. Magwero a AQ pakusintha tiyi ndi magawo akulu omwe amapezeka kuti amasanthula njira yosinthidwa aq ndi mafuta a chromatography (GC-Ms). Poyerekeza ndi magetsi monga gwero la kutentha mu tiyi wobiriwira, AQ kuwonjezeka ndi 4.3 mpaka 23.9 mpaka 20.9 Mg Zomwezi zimawonedwa mu tiyi yoolong poyenda pansi pa kutentha kwa malasha. Masitepe omwe ali ndi kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa tiyi masamba ndi utsi, monga kukonzekera ndi kuyanika, kumawerengedwa ngati njira zazikuluzikulu za AQ popanga tiyi. Mitundu ya AQ idawonjezeka ndi nthawi yochezera, akuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa AQ Evelturant mu tiyi kumatha kuchokera ku mafomu omwe amayambitsidwa ndi malasha ndi kuyaka. Zitsanzo Zake zochokera kumayendedwe osiyanasiyana okhala ndi magetsi kapena malasha ngati magetsi otentha omwe adasanthula, kuyambira 50.0% -85% -35% -35.0% yopezeratu za AQ. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa AQ pamtundu wa 0.064 mg / kg adawonedwa mu kalankhulidwe ndi bola monga kutentha kwakukulu, kuwonetsa kuti milingo yayitali ya AQ ikuperekedwa ndi malasha.
Mawu osakira: 9,10-Anthraquinone, kukonza tiyi, malasha oipitsidwa
Chiyambi
Tiyi yopangidwa ndi masamba a shrub dambrean camellis Syensis (L.) O. Kuntz, ndi imodzi mwa zakumwa zotsitsimula kwambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwake ndi phindu laumoyo. Mu 2020 padziko lonse lapansi zidakwera matani matani 5,972 miliyoni, zomwe zinali zokayika m'zaka 20 zapitazi [1]. Kutengera njira zosiyanasiyana zosinthira, pali mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya tiyi, kuphatikiza tiyi wakuda, tiyi wakuda, tiyi wakuda, tiyi woyera wachikasu [2,3]. Kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu ndi zotetezeka, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwunika kuchuluka kwa zodetsa ndikulongosola zomwe zidachokera.

Kuzindikira magwero aomwe amadana nawo, monga zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zitsulo zolemera komanso zolemera zina monga polycyccbons (Pahs), ndiye gawo lalikulu la kuwongolera. Kuchulukitsa mwachindunji kwa mankhwala opanga ti ti ti tiyi, komanso mpweya womwe umayambitsidwa ndi magwiridwe apadera pafupi ndi minda ya tiyi, ndiye gwero lalikulu la zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo mu tiyi mu tiyi. Zitsulo zolemera zitha kudziunjikira tiyi ndikuyambitsa kuopsa, komwe kumachokera ku dothi, feteleza ndi m'mlengalenga [5-7]. Ponena za kuipitsidwa kwina kumawonekera mosayembekezereka tiyi, zinali zovuta kuzizindikira chifukwa cha njira zovuta kupanga tiyi wa tiyi kuphatikiza kubzala, kukonza, phukusi, kusungidwa ndi mayendedwe. Ma Pahs mu tiyi adachokera ku zotumphukira za magalimoto komanso kuyamwa mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza masamba a tiyi, monga nkhuni zamoto ndi malasha [8-10].

M'milandu ndi nkhuni zoyaka, zodetsa monga kaboni bolodi amapangidwa [11]. Zotsatira zake, zimakhala zosatheka pazotsalira zomwe zatchulidwazi zichitike pazogulitsa, monga tirigu, kusuta masheya ndi nsomba zamphaka, ndikuwopseza ku thanzi laumunthu [12,13]. Ma Pahs omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kuyamwa amachokera ku mawu opezeka patoto omwe ali m'mafuta owoneka bwino, kutentha kwambiri kwa mankhwala onunkhira komanso kuchuluka kwa ma radical aulere [14]. Kutentha kwambiri, nthawi, komanso mpweya wabwino ndi zinthu zofunika zomwe zimakhudza kutembenuka kwa Pahs. Ndi kuchuluka kwa kutentha, ma pahs zomwe zili pamalo oyamba kenako ndikuchepetsa, ndipo mtengo wake wa Peak unachitika pa 800 ° C; Ma Pahs Zinthu Zimachepa Kwambiri Kufufuza mobwerezabwereza pamenepa pomwe panali 'nthawi yamagetsi', ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya mu mpweya, koma oxidation yosakwanira itulutsa ma OPAH ndi zotumphukira zina [15-17].

9,10-Anthraquinone (AQ, Cas: 84-65-1, Mkuyu. 1), Kutulutsa kwa mpweya wa pash [18], ndi mitundu itatu. Zinalembedwera ngati carcinogen (gulu 2b) ndi bungwe lankhondo lapadziko lonse lapansi kukafufuza pa khansa mu 2014 [19]. AQ imatha kupotoza iisoomeserat ii cleavage yovuta ndikuletsa hydrolysis a Adenosis a ADEMOSFEFETE, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi chiopsezo cha khansa [20]. Monga zovuta za thanzi laumunthu, kuchuluka kwa aq kwambiri (mrl) kwa 0.02 mg / kg adayikidwa mu tiyi ndi European Union of European Union. Malinga ndi maphunziro athu am'mbuyomu, ma dipo a AQ adanenedwa ngati gwero lalikulu panthawi yobzala tia. Komanso, kutengera zoyeserera za tiyi ku Indonesia ndi dazi wakuda, zikuonekeratu kuti mulingo wa AQ anasintha kwambiri ndipo utsi wochokera ku zida zokongoletsera unanenedwa ngati chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zili ndi zifukwa zonse. Komabe, chiyambi cha AQ pakusintha kwa tiyi chinasavuta, ngakhale malingaliro ena a njira yamankhwala a AQ adanenedwa.

Chithunzi 1. Njira ya AQ.

Anapatsidwa kafukufuku pa mapangidwe a AQ Pamalanala flancecation ndi mphamvu yofananira imachitika kuti afotokozere zosintha za AQ ndi mpweya, zomwe zimathandiza kuwonongeka kwa AQ pakusintha kwa tiyi.

Zotsatira
Njira yotsimikizika
Poyerekeza ndi phunziro lathu lakale [patsamba 21] Ku mkuyu, njira yosinthira idawonetsa kusintha kwakukulu pakuyeretsa kwa zitsanzo, zosungunulira zidakhala zopepuka. Ku mkuyu 2A, katswiri wathunthu wa Scan.

Chithunzi 2. (b) Mphamvu ya njira yosinthira.
Njira yotsimikizika, kuphatikizapo mzere, kuchira, malire a kuchuluka (Loq) ndi matrix (ace) μg / m3.

Kubwezeretsa AQ kunawonedwa pazinthu zitatu zoyeserera pakati pa tiyi wa tiyi wowuma (0.005, 0.02, 0,5, 3,5, 3 μg / M3). Kubwezeretsa AQ mu tiyi kuchokera ku 77.78% mpaka 113.02% mu tiyi wowuma komanso kuchokera pa 96.52% mpaka 125.69% mu tiyi, ndi RSD% otsika kuposa 15%. Kubwezeretsa AQ pamfundo zam'mlengalenga kuyambira 78.47% mpaka 117.06% yokhala ndi RSD% pansipa 20%. Kukhazikika kotsika kwambiri kunadziwika kuti Loq, yomwe inali 0,005 mg / kg, 0,5 μg / m³ zitsanzo za tiyi ndi zitsanzo zowuma, motero. Monga momwe zalembedwera mu tebulo 1, matrix a tiyi wowuma ndi tiyi amawombera pang'ono kuti ajambule yankho la AQ, ndikunditsogolera ku 109.0% ndi 110.9%. Ponena za matrix amlengalenga, ineyo zinali 196.1%.

Magawo a AQ nthawi yobiriwira tiyi
Ndi cholinga chopeza zotsatira za magwero osiyanasiyana pa tiyi ndi malo okhala, gulu la masamba atsopano lidagawika m'magulu awiri ndikukonzedwa mosiyana m'magulu awiri omwewo. Gulu limodzi linaperekedwa ndi magetsi, ndipo linalo ndi malasha.

Monga zikuwonekera mu mkuyu. 3, gawo la AQ ndi magetsi monga gwero la kutentha kuchokera 0,008 mpaka 0.013 mg / kg / kg. Panthawi yosintha, kuyanja kwa masamba a tiyi omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kukonza mumphika wokhala ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu komwe kumapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa 9,5% mu AQ. Kenako, kuchuluka kwa AQ kunatsalira panthawi yozungulira ngakhale atatayika madzi, akutanthauza kuti njira zakuthupi sizingakhudze kuchuluka kwa AQ pokonza tiyi. Pambuyo pouma koyamba, gawo la AQ lomwe limakula pang'ono kuchokera pa 0.010 mpaka 0.012 mg / kg / makilogalamu / makilogalamu mpaka kumapeto kwa kuyanika. Ma PFS, omwe adawonetsa kusinthasintha pagawo lirilonse, anali 1.10, 1.24, 1.08, 1.08, kugwedeza, kuyanika koyamba ndikuwuma, motero. Zotsatira za ma PFs zinalamula kuti kukonzanso kwamagetsi kunapangitsa kuti pakhale milingo yaq mu tiyi.

Chithunzi 3. Mlingo wa AQ nthawi yobiriwira tiyi wobiriwira ndi magetsi ndi magetsi otentha.
Pankhani ya malasha monga gwero la kutentha, aq Zomera zowonjezereka pa nthawi ya tiyi, yochokera ku 0.008 mpaka 0.038 mg / kg. 338.9% AQ adachulukitsidwa pakukonzekera, kufikira 0.037 mg / kg, yomwe idapitilira Mrl of 0.02 mg / kg / kg / kg / kg / kg yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi European Union. Panthawi yogudubuka, mulingo wa AQ adakulirabe ndi 5.8% ngakhale kuti amakhala kutali ndi makina osintha. Poyamba kuyanika ndikuyimitsanso, aq Zomera zimachulukitsa pang'ono kapena kuchepa pang'ono. Ma PF amagwiritsa ntchito malasha ngati gwero la kutentha, kugubuduza koyambirira ndikuwumanso kudali 4.39, 0,95, 0,93, ndi 1.05, motero.

Kuti mumvetsetse ubale pakati pa kuphatikiza kwa mala amoto ndi kuwonongeka kwa AQ, zomwe zili pamalopo (ma PM) mlengalenga zomwe zimasungidwa ndi ma pmpo. 4.

Chithunzi 4. Milingo ya AQ yomwe ili ndi magetsi ndi magetsi ngati gwero la kutentha. * Imawonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu mu milingo ya AQ mu zitsanzo (P <0.05).

Mitundu ya AQ nthawi yoolong tiyi ikukonzekera tiyi woolong, makamaka zopangidwa ku Fujian ndi Taiwan, ndi mtundu wa tiyi wotakamwa pang'ono. Kuti mudziwenso njira zazikuluzikulu zowonjezera za AQ ndi zovuta za mafuta osiyanasiyana, gawo lomwelo la masamba atsopano lidapangidwa kukhala tiyi ndi masiketi osakanizidwa ngati kutentha, nthawi imodzi. Miyezo ya AQ mu tiyi yoolong pogwiritsa ntchito magwero osiyanasiyana amawonetsedwa mu mkuyu.

Chithunzi 5. Mlingo wa AQ nthawi ya Oolong Tiyi ndi kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe kwa gasi ndi malasha ngati gwero la kutentha.

Ndi malasha ngati gwero lotentha, magawo a AQ mu magawo awiri oyamba, kufota ndikupanga zobiriwira, makamaka makamaka monga kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe. Komabe, njira zotsatirira mpaka kusinthidwa kuwonetsa kusiyana pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, pomwe pamawu a AQ omwe adayamba kuchokera ku 0,004 mpaka 0.023 mg / kg. Mulingo womwe ukugubuduza unachepa mpaka 0.018 mg / kg, omwe angakhale chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa madzi a tiyi omwe amachotsa ena a AQ. Pambuyo pogulitsa, mulingo wowuma udawonjezeka mpaka 0.027 mg / kg. Mu kufota, kupanga zobiriwira, kukhazikika, kunyamula kugundana ndi kuyanika, ma PF anali 2.81, 1.32, 5.66, ndi 1.78, motsatana.

Kupezeka kwa AQ mu tiyi ndi magwero osiyanasiyana otentha

Kudziwa zotsatira za tiyi wokhala ndi tiyi osiyanasiyana, ma calture a tiyi opangira magetsi ogwiritsa ntchito magetsi, ndikuwonetsa kuti ndizosavuta kuwononga malasha 35.0% idawonedwa pa zitsanzo za malasha. Modabwitsa kwambiri, magetsi anali ndi mitengo yotsika kwambiri komanso yotsika kwambiri ya 56.4% ndi 7.7% motsatana, yokhala ndi zochulukirapo za 0.020 mg / kg.

Kukambirana

Kutengera ndi ma PF pakukonzanso mitundu iwiri ya kutentha, zinali zomveka bwino kuti njira yayikulu yomwe idapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa AQ kupanga tiyi ndi malasha ndi kukonzanso pa mphamvu ya AQ mu tiyi. Pa tiyi wobiriwira, kuphatikiza kwa malasha kwa malasha kumapangitsa kuti mafomu ambiri mu izi poyerekeza ndi njira yamagetsi yolumikizirana ndi tiyi owoneka bwino nthawi yomweyo mu kapenti ya barbende [25]. Kuchulukana pang'ono mu AQ pamndandanda womwe ukugubuduza unanenedwa kuti mafashoni oyambitsidwa ndi aq sinangokhudza gawo la AQ pa gawo la malo oyambira, komanso pokonza zojambula zakutha. Makala ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati gwero lotentha pouma ndikuwumanso, koma m'njira ziwiri izi zomwe AQ zimamera pang'ono kapena kutsika pang'ono. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa chifukwa chakuti wowuma wotchinga wokhometsedwawo amasungidwa tiyi kuchokera ku utsi wopangidwa ndi mgwirizano wamalanda malata [26]. Pofuna kudziwa gwero lodetsa, milingo ya AQ yomwe ili mumlengalenga adasanthula, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zokambirana ziwiri. Chifukwa chachikulu chokhalira ndi malasha omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso, kuyanika koyamba ndikuwuma kumatulutsa AQ panthawi yosakwanira. AQ awa nthawiyo inali kutsatsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatakataka mkaka mwa malasha ndikuwabalalitsa mlengalenga, ndikukweza milingo ya aq. Pakapita nthawi, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu ndi kuchuluka kwa tiyi, izi zimakhazikika pamtunda wa masamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aq akupanga. Chifukwa chake, kuyaka kwa malasha kumaganiziridwa kuti ndi njira yayikulu yomwe imayambitsa kudetsa kwa AQ poyipitsa tiyi, kukhala fumes kukhala gwero la kuipitsa.

Ponena za tiyi wa Oolong, AQ adachulukirachulukira pokonza ndi matenthedwe onse otentha, koma kusiyana pakati pa magwero awiriwa kunali kofunikira. Zotsatira zake zinawonetsanso kuti malasha ngati kutentha anachititsa gawo lalikulu pakuwonjezera AQ, ndipo kukonzako kunaonedwa ngati gawo lalikulu lowonjezera tiyi wowonjezera potengera ma PF. Pa nthawi ya tiyi yoolong ndi wosakanizidwa wachilengedwe ngati gwero la kutentha, zomwe zimachitika kuti muyezo wa AQ unali wobiriwira uja ndi mafuta obiriwira, omwe amachepetsa magetsi opanga AQ.

Ponena za mayeso a zitsanzo, zotsatira zake zinawonetsa kuti vuto lakuthyoledwa kwa malasha monga magetsi m'malo magetsi, zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha masamba omwe amabwera ndi malo ogwirira ntchito. Komabe, ngakhale zinali zodziwikira kuti magetsi anali gwero lotentha kwambiri pa tiyi pokonzanso nyemba zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito tiyi pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi monga magetsi. Zinthuzi zikuwoneka ngati zofanana kwambiri ndi zomwe zidasindikizidwa kale momwe zinthu zilili ndi ma hydroquinines ndi ma hydroquinenes a ma hydroquinemones adanenedwa ngati njira yofufuzira yamtsogolo.

Chidule

Mu ntchitoyi, magwero a mtundu wa AQ omwe ali mu tiyi wobiriwira komanso wolufeng upangiridwe ndi kuyesa kofananira potengera njira za GC-MS / MS. Zomwe timapeza zikugwirizana mwachindunji kuti gwero lodetsa lalikulu la AQ la AQ limayambitsidwa ndi zowonjezera, zomwe sizinangokhudze magawo osinthira, komanso malo opangira zokambirana. Mosiyana ndi magawo ozungulira komanso ofota, pomwe kusintha kwa mlingo wa AQ kunali kopanda pake kwa malasha ndi nkhuni, ndiye njira yokhazikika yomwe AQ imayambitsa kulumikizana pakati pa tiyi ndi mikangano. Chifukwa chake, mafuta oyera monga mpweya wachilengedwe ndi magetsi amalimbikitsidwa ngati gwero la kutentha mu tiyi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesaku kunawonetsanso kuti pakakhala mafosho omwe amapangidwa ndi kuyamwa, panali zinthu zina zomwe zimathandizira kuti tisanthule ndi mafuta opangira mafuta, zomwe ziyenera kufufuza kafukufuku wamtsogolo.

ZIDA NDI NJIRA

Ma reagents, mankhwala ndi zida

Anthraquinone muyezo (99.0%) idagulidwa kuchokera ku Dr. Ehreststorfer Gund (Augsburg, Germany). D8-Anthraquinone wamkati (98.6%) adagulidwa kuchokera ku C / D / N Isotopes (Quebec, Canada). Nyuzi ya m'mimba sodium sulfate (na2so4) ndi magnesium sulfate (MGSSO4) (Shanghai, China). Floristil adaperekedwa ndi Wenzhou Gron Company (Wenzhou, China). Pepala la Milro-galasi fiber (90 mm) lidagulidwa kuchokera ku Ahlstrom-munksjö Kampani ya kampani (Helsinki, Finland).

Kukonzekera zitsanzo

Zitsanzo za tiyi wobiriwira zidakonzedwa ndikusintha, kusunthira koyamba ndikuwuma (pogwiritsa ntchito zida zotsekedwa), pomwe zobiriwira (zobiriwira (zobiriwira (zokutira, zokutira, ndikuwumitsa. Zitsanzo pagawo lililonse zimasonkhanitsidwa katatu ku 100g pambuyo kusakaniza mokwanira. Zitsanzo zonsezo zidasungidwa ku -20 ° C pofufuza.

Zitsanzo za mpweya zinasonkhanitsidwa ndi pepala la mazira agalasi (90 mm)

Zitsanzo zokhazikika zimapangidwa ndi AQ pa 0.005 mg / kg, 0,550 mg / m3 ya Amg / 0.036 mg / kg (1.5 μg / m3 ya mpweya wabwino), 0.072 mg / kg (3.0 μg / m3 papepala lagalasi) la pepala lagalasi, motsatana. Atagwedeza bwino, zitsanzo zonsezo zidatsala 12 h, kutsatiridwa ndi kuchotsa ndi mayendedwe oyera.

Chinyontho chophatikizidwa ndi kupembedza 20 g kwa samputala mutasakaniza gawo lirilonse, ndikutentha pa 105 ° C kwa 1 h, ndikuwunika ndikubwereza katatu ndikugawa ndi kulemera kwake isanayambe kutentha.

Zitsanzo Zoyikidwa ndi Kuyeretsa

Chitsanzo cha tiyi: Kuyambitsa ndi Kuyeretsa kwa AQ kuchokera pa tiyi zitsanzo zomwe zimapangidwa ndi njira yofalitsidwa kuchokera ku Wang et al. ndi zosintha zingapo [patsamba 21]. Mwachidule, 1.5 g zitsanzo zimasakanikirana koyamba ndi 30 μl d8-aq (2 mg / kg) ndikusakaniza kuti ayimire madzi 30, kenako osakanizidwa madzi ndi kumanzere kwa mphindi 1. 15 ml 20% acetone mu N-Hexane adawonjezeredwa ku zitsanzo za tiyi ndipo nenani ku 15 min. Kenako zitsanzozo zidapangidwa ndi 1.0 g mgso4 kwa 30 s, ndi ntrantrrifuted kwa mphindi 5, pa 11,000 rpm. Atasunthidwa ku 100 ml pea peyala, 10 ml ya gawo lamphamvu kwambiri lidasinthidwa pafupifupi litauma pansi pa vaumuum pa 37 ° C. 5 ml 2,5% acetone mu n-hexane adasungunuka kuti tisungunuke mu ma flaks owoneka ngati a peale. Columbala wagalasi (10 cm × 0 0,8 cm) atakhala kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba pa ubweya wagalasi ndi 2g maluwa, omwe anali pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za 2 cm na2so4. Kenako 5 ml ya 2,5% acetone mu n-hexane adatulutsa mzati. Atanyamula njira yobwezeretsanso, AQ adasinthidwa katatu ndi 5 ml, 10 ml, 10 ml ya 2,5% acetone mu n-hexane. Mavuto ophatikizidwa anasamutsidwa ku zomata za peyala ndikuwumitsa pafupifupi kuuma pansi pa vacuum pa 37 ° C. Zotsalira zouma zidayanjanitsidwanso ndi 1 ml ya 2.5% acetone mu hexane adatsata mwa kusefedwa kudzera mu fyuluta ya 0.22 μm. Kenako yankho lothetseranso silinasakanizidwe ndi acetonitrile pazigawo za 1: 1. Kutsatira njira yogwedezeka, kumvetsetsana komwe kwabuka kunagwiritsidwa ntchito popenda kwa GC-MS / MS.

Ampurwa: theka la pepala la fiber, lotulutsidwa ndi 18 μl d8-aq (2 mg / kixane), kenako sonican, kenako soni Gawo la organic linalekanitsidwa ndi centrifugation pa 11,000 rpm kwa 5 min ndipo kumtunda lonse kunachotsedwa mu bulatu ya peyala. Mbali zonse zamoyo zinasinthidwa pafupifupi kuwuma pansi pa vaulamu pa 37 ° C. 5 ml ya 2,5% acetone mu Hexane Reflold the Dubles akuyeretsa monga momwemonso zitsanzo za tiyi.

GC-MS / MS

Kusintha kwamisinkhu 450 chromatograph yokhala ndi chotchinga cha faian 300 (kusiyanasiyana, mtedza) Varmar Vactory Agellary Column VF-5ms (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm) idagwiritsidwa ntchito polekanitsidwa. Mafuta onyamula, achidwi (> 99.999%), adakhazikitsidwa nthawi zonse kukhala 1.0 ml / mphindi ndi mpweya wa argon (> 9999%). Kutentha kwa uvuni kunayamba kuchokera ku 80 ° C ndikugwidwa 1 min; kuchuluka kwa 15 ° C / min mpaka 240 ° C, kenako ndikufika 260 ° C pa 20 ° C / Min ndikugwira 5min. Kutentha kwa ion gwero kunali 210 ° C, komanso kutentha kwa 280 ° C. Voliyumu ya jakisoni inali 1.0 μl. Mitundu ya arrm imawonetsedwa mu tebulo 3.

Agilent 8890 gasi chromatograph okondwerera 7000d katatu Agilent J & W HP-5ms GC Column (30 m × 0.25 × 0.25 × 0.25 j) adagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatukana kwa cromatographic. Mafuta onyamula, helmium (> 99.999%), adakhazikitsidwa mosinthasintha kwa 2.25 ml / mphindi ndi gasi la nayitrogeni (> 9999%). Kutentha kwa EI ion gwero kunasinthidwa ku 280 ° C, chimodzimodzi ndi kutentha kwa mzere. Kutentha kwa uvuni kunayamba kuchokera ku 80 ° C ndipo kunachitika kwa mphindi 5; Kukweza ndi 15 ° C / min mpaka 240 ° C, kenako ndikufika 280 ° C pa 25 ° C / Min ndikusungidwa kwa mphindi 5. Mitundu ya arrm imawonetsedwa mu tebulo 3.

Kusanthula kwa Statistical
The AQ yokhala ndi masamba atsopano adakonzedwa kuti ikhale youma pogawa ndi chinyezi kuti afananitse ndi kusanthula AQ pakukonzekera.

Kusintha kwa AQ mu zitsanzo zitsanzo zimayesedwa ndi mapulogalamu a Microsoft Excel ndi IBM Spurs 20.

Kukonzanso chinthu kunagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza kusintha kwa AQ pa tiyi. PF = RL / RF, komwe rf ndiye gawo la AQ isanakwane ndi RL mulingo wa AQ pambuyo pokonza. PF imawonetsa kuchepa kwa (PF <1) kapena kuwonjezeka (PF> 1) mu AQ otsalira panjira inayake.

Ine zikuwonetsa kuchepa kwa ine (1) kapena kuwonjezeka (ine> 1) poyankha zida zowunikira, zomwe zimachokera ku chiwerengero cha malo otsetsereka ndi zosungunulira:

Ine = (slipematrix / slopsoliven - 1) × 100%

Komwe malo otsetsereka ndi malo otsetsereka a calorve mu matrix ofananira, slopesolve ndi malo otsetsereka a cubibration curvent.

Zikomo
Ntchitoyi idathandizidwa ndi ntchito yayikulu ya sayansi ndi ukadaulo waukulu m'chigawo cha Zhejiang (2015c12001) ndi National Science of China (420073334).
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Olembawo amafotokoza kuti alibe kusamvana.
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Za nkhaniyi
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