Mgbe tii buru ibu, ọ bụ ihe okike iji zere nsogbu nkekwachaa osisi tii. Taa, ka anyị ghọta ihe mere tii osisi ịkwachaa dị mkpa na otú e si kwachaa ya?

1. Physiological ndabere nke tii osisi kwachaa

Osisi tii nwere njirimara nke uru uto apical. Uto apical nke isi azuokokoosisi bu ngwa ngwa, ebe buds n'akuku na-eto nwayọọ nwayọọ ma ọ bụ na-anọgide na-ehi ụra. The apical uru na-egbochi mpụta nwa osisi germination ma ọ bụ na-egbochi uto nke mpụta alaka. Site na ịkwachaa iji wepụ uru kachasị elu, enwere ike iwepụ mmetụta mgbochi nke elu buds na mpụta buds. Ịkwachaa osisi tii nwere ike ibelata afọ ntolite nke osisi tii, si otú ahụ na-eweghachi uto na ume ha. N'ihe gbasara uto osisi tii, ịkwachaa na-emebi nguzozi physiological n'etiti akụkụ dị n'elu ala na nke dị n'okpuru ala, na-ekere òkè n'ịkwalite uto n'elu ala. N'otu oge ahụ, uto siri ike nke okpueze osisi ahụ na-emepụta ngwaahịa assimilation ndị ọzọ, na usoro mgbọrọgwụ nwekwara ike ịnweta nri ndị ọzọ, na-akwalite ọganihu nke usoro mgbọrọgwụ.

Na mgbakwunye, ịkwachaa nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ịgbanwe nha carbon nitrogen na ịkwalite uto nri. Akwụkwọ dị nro nke osisi tii nwere ọdịnaya nitrogen dị elu, ebe akwụkwọ ochie nwere nnukwu carbon carbon. Ọ bụrụ na a naghị akwacha alaka ndị dị n'elu ruo ogologo oge, alaka ndị ahụ ga-aka nká, carbohydrates ga-abawanye, ọdịnaya nitrogen ga-ebelata, carbon na nitrogen ratio ga-adị elu, uto na-edozi ahụ ga-ebelata, okooko osisi na mkpụrụ osisi ga-abawanye. Ịkwachaa nwere ike ibelata ebe osisi tii na-eto, mmiri na nri na-edozi ahụ nke mgbọrọgwụ na-amịkọrọ ga-abawanye. Mgbe ebipụchara alaka ụfọdụ, ikuku carbon na nitrogen nke alaka ọhụrụ ahụ ga-adị ntakịrị, nke ga-eme ka uto nri nke akụkụ ndị dị n'elu sikwuo ike.

2. Oge nke osisi tii kwachaa

Ịkwachaa osisi tii tupu ha epue na mmiri bụ oge na-enwe mmetụta kacha nta na ahụ osisi ahụ. N'ime oge a, enwere ihe nchekwa nchekwa zuru oke na mgbọrọgwụ, ọ bụkwa oge okpomọkụ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebili, mmiri ozuzo dị ukwuu, na uto nke osisi tii na-adaba adaba. N'otu oge ahụ, oge opupu ihe ubi bụ mmalite nke usoro uto nke afọ, na ịkwachaa na-enye ohere ka ome ọhụrụ nwee ogologo oge iji tolite n'ụzọ zuru ezu.

Nhọrọ nke oge kwachaa kwesịkwara ikpebi ọnọdụ ihu igwe na mpaghara dị iche iche. N'ebe ndị nwere oke okpomọkụ n'ime afọ niile, enwere ike ịkwachaa na njedebe nke oge tii; N'ebe tii na mpaghara tii dị elu ebe enwere ihe iyi egwu nke mmebi oyi n'oge oyi, a ga-eyigharị ịkwachaa mmiri. Ma enwerekwa ebe ụfọdụ na-eji ibelata okpueze osisi dị elu iji meziwanye nguzogide oyi iji gbochie alaka elu nke okpueze osisi ahụ ka ọ ghara ịjụ oyi. Nke a na-akwacha mma mere mbubreyo mgbụsị akwụkwọ; A ghaghị ịkpụcha ebe tii nwere oge ọkọchị na mmiri ozuzo tupu oge ọkọchị abịa, ma ọ bụghị ya, ọ ga-esi ike ịmalite mgbe ị kwachaa.

3. Ụzọ ịkwa osisi tii

A na-eme kwachaa osisi tii tozuru okè na ndabere nke ịkpụcha osisi, tumadi na-eji nchikota nke ìhè kwachaa na ịkwachaa miri emi iji nọgide na-enwe ọganihu siri ike na okpueze dị mma na-ebuli elu nke osisi tii, na-enwekwu ike na-epulite, iji nọgide na-enwe ọganihu. uru nke kwadoro elu mkpụrụ.

Ịkwachaa ọkụ: N'ozuzu, a na-akụ osisi ọkụ otu ugboro n'afọ n'elu okpueze osisi tii, na-abawanye elu nke 3-5 cm site na ịkwachaa gara aga. Ọ bụrụ na okpueze ahụ dị mma ma dị ike, enwere ike ịkwachaa otu ugboro n'afọ ọzọ. Ebumnuche nke ịkwachaa ọkụ bụ iji nọgide na-eto eto nke ọma na nke siri ike n'elu osisi tii a na-amịpụta, kwalite uto na-edozi ahụ, na ibelata okooko na ịmị mkpụrụ. N'ozuzu, mgbe a na-ewere tii mmiri, a na-akụ osisi ọkụ ozugbo, na-ebipụ ome mmiri nke afọ gara aga na ụfọdụ mgbụsị akwụkwọ site na afọ gara aga.

Ịkwachaa miri emi: Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke ịtụtụ na ịchachaa ọkụ, ọtụtụ alaka ndị dị nta na obere na-eto n'elu okpueze nke osisi ahụ. N'ihi ọtụtụ nodules ya, nke na-egbochi inye nri na-edozi ahụ, ihe na-epulite na akwụkwọ ndị a na-emepụta dị obere ma dị ntakịrị, na-enwekwu akwụkwọ ndị dị n'etiti ha, nke nwere ike ibelata mkpụrụ na ịdị mma. Ya mere, n'afọ ole na ole ọ bụla, mgbe osisi tii na-enweta ọnọdụ dị n'elu, a ghaghị ịkwachaa miri emi, na-ebipụ oyi akwa nke alaka ụkwụ ọkụkọ 10-15 cm dị n'elu okpueze ahụ iji weghachi ike osisi ahụ ma melite ike ịmalite ya. Mgbe otu miri kwachaa, nọgide na-eto eto ole na ole kwachaa. Ọ bụrụ na alaka ụkwụ ọkụkọ pụtara ọzọ n'ọdịnihu, na-eme ka mbelata mkpụrụ, enwere ike ịkwachaa ọzọ miri emi. Mgbanwe a ugboro ugboro nwere ike ime ka osisi tii na-eto eto ma na-akwado nnukwu mkpụrụ. Ọkpụkpụ miri emi na-emekarị tupu mmiri tii pulite.

A na-eji ma ọkụ na nke miri emi ngwá ọrụ kwachaa amgbochi trimmer, nke nwere agụba dị nkọ na nke dị larịị iji zere igbutu alaka ma na-emetụta ọnya ọnya dị ka o kwere mee.

4.The nchikota n'etiti tii osisi kwachaa na ndị ọzọ jikoro

(1) Ekwesịrị ijikọta ya na fatịlaịza na njikwa mmiri. Ngwa miri emi nke organicfatịlaịzana phosphorus potassium fatịlaịza tupu kwachaa, na n'oge ngwa nke topdressing mgbe ọhụrụ Ome pulitere mgbe kwachaa nwere ike ịkwalite ike na ngwa ngwa uto nke ọhụrụ Ome, n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-arụ ọrụ na-atụ anya mmetụta nke kwachaa;

(2) Ekwesịrị ijikọ ya na iwe ihe ubi na ichekwa ya. N'ihi ịkwachaa miri emi, a na-ebelata akụkụ nke akwụkwọ tii, na-ebelata elu photosynthetic. Alaka mmepụta nke dị n'okpuru ebe a na-akụ osisi na-adịkarị obere ma enweghị ike ịmepụta elu elu. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji na-ejigide na dịkwuo ọkpụrụkpụ nke alaka, na nke a ndabere, pulite secondary ibu alaka, na-azụlite na-eburu elu ọzọ site kwachaa; (3) Ekwesịrị ịhazi ya na usoro mgbochi pesti. Ọ dị mkpa iji ngwa ngwa nyochaa ma chịkwaa aphids tii, geometer tii, nla tii, na akwụkwọ nri tii na-emerụ ome dị nro. Alaka na epupụta hapụrụ n'oge ọhụrụ na rejuvenation nke ịka nká tii osisi kwesịrị ozugbo wepụrụ n'ogige maka ọgwụgwọ, na ala gburugburu osisi stumps na tii bushes kwesịrị juputara sprayed na pesticides iji kpochapụ ozuzu isi nke ọrịa na pests.