Ka afọ akuku nke tii na mpaghara akuku na-abawanye,igwe ugbo tiina-ekere òkè dị mkpa na-arịwanye elu n'ịkụ tii. Nsogbu nke acidification ala n'ubi tii aghọwo ebe nyocha n'ọhịa nke àgwà gburugburu ebe obibi nke ala. Ala pH dị mma maka uto nke osisi tii bụ 4.0 ~ 6.5. Gburugburu ala pH dị ala ga-egbochi uto na metabolism nke osisi tii, na-emetụta ọmụmụ ala, belata mkpụrụ tii na ịdị mma, ma na-eyi egwu gburugburu ebe obibi okike na mmepe mmepe nke ubi tii. Na-ewebata otu esi eweghachi ubi tii site na akụkụ ndị a

1Mmalite kemịkalụ

Mgbe uru pH nke ala na-erughị 4, a na-atụ aro ka ị tụlee iji usoro kemịkal iji meziwanye ala. Ugbu a, a na-ejikarị ntụ ntụ dolomite mee ihe iji mee ka pH ala dịkwuo elu. Dolomite ntụ ntụ bụ nke kachasị nke calcium carbonate na magnesium carbonate. Mgbe iji aigwe ihe ubiiji tọpụ ala, fesa ntụ ntụ nkume nke ọma. Mgbe etinyere ya na ala, ion carbonate na-emeghachi omume na kemịkalụ na ion acidic, na-eme ka a na-eri ihe acidic na pH ala na-abawanye. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, nnukwu ego nke calcium na magnesium ion nwere ike ime ka ikike mgbanwe cation nke ala dị elu ma belata nke ukwuu nke aluminom na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ala. Mgbe ntinye ego nke dolomite ntụ ntụ karịrị 1500 kg / hm², nsogbu nke acidification ala na ubi tii na-akawanye mma.

2Mmalite ndu

A ga-enweta Biochar site na ihicha osisi tii ndị a kpụcharaigwe kwachaa tiina ọkụ ma na-agbawa ha n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu. Dị ka ihe na-edozi ala pụrụ iche, biochar nwere ọtụtụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke nwere oxygen n'elu ya, nke na-abụkarị alkaline. Ọ nwere ike melite acidity na alkalinity nke ala ugbo, mee ka ikike mgbanwe cation dịkwuo elu, belata ọdịnaya nke acid a na-agbanwe agbanwe, ma melite ikike ala iji jide mmiri na fatịlaịza. Biochar nwekwara ọgaranya mineral, nke nwere ike ịkwalite ịgba ígwè na-edozi ahụ nke ala na uto na mmepe osisi, ma gbanwee nhazi obodo nke microorganisms nke ala. Itinye 30 t/hm² nke carbon bio-black nwere ike melite gburugburu acidification nke ala ubi tii.

3 organic ndozi

A na-edozi fatịlaịza organic site na ihe ndị dị ndụ, na-ewepụ ihe ndị na-egbu egbu ma na-ejigide ihe dị iche iche bara uru. Ọganihu ala acid nwere ike iji fatịlaịza organic alkaline na-anọpụ iche ma ọ bụ ntakịrị alkaline dozie gburugburu acid nke ala ma na-ejigide ọmụmụ ọmụmụ nwa oge ogologo oge ma na-enye nri dị iche iche. Otú ọ dị, nri ndị dị na fatịlaịza organic na-esi ike iji osisi mee ihe ozugbo. Mgbe microorganisms mụpụta, tolite na metabolize, ha nwere ike jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ hapụ ihe ọkụkụ nke nwere ike ịmịnye ya, si otú ahụ na-eme ka ọdịdị anụ ahụ na kemịkal nke ala dịkwuo mma. Itinye ngbanwe nke organic-inorganic composite acid na-eme mgbanwe na ala acid n'ubi tii nwere ike ịbawanye pH ala na ọmụmụ ala nke ọma, gbakwunye ion ntọala dị iche iche ma welie ikike nchekwa ala.

4 ọhụrụ ndozi

Ụfọdụ ụdị ihe nrụzi ọhụrụ amalitela ịpụta na nrụzi na imezi ala. Microorganisms na-ekere òkè dị mkpa n'ịmegharị ihe na-edozi ahụ nke ala ma na-emetụta ọdịdị anụ ahụ na kemịkal nke ala. Itinye inoculants microbial n'ime ala ubi tii na-eji asprayernwere ike imeziwanye ọrụ microbial nke ala, na-amụba ụba nke microbial ala, ma na-emeziwanye ihe ngosi ọmụmụ dị iche iche. Bacillus amyloides nwere ike imeziwanye àgwà na mkpụrụ nke tii, a na-enwetakwa mmetụta kachasị mma mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke obodo dị 1.6 × 108 cfu / mL. polymer molikula dị elu bụkwa ihe na-emezi ihe onwunwe ala ọhụrụ dị irè. Polymers macromolecular nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ala macroaggregates, mụbaa porosity, ma melite nhazi ala. Itinye polyacrylamide na ala acidic nwere ike ịbawanye uru pH nke ala ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ yana njikwa ala nke ọma.

5. Ezi uche Fertilization

Itinye fatịlaịza kemịkalụ n'atụghị egwu bụ otu n'ime ihe dị mkpa na-ebute acidification ala. Chemical fatịlaịza nwere ike ngwa ngwa ịgbanwe edozi ọdịnaya nke tii n'ogige ala. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, njikọta fatịlaịza na-enweghị isi nwere ike iduga n'usoro nri ala nke nwere ike ime ka ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume ala dịkwuo njọ. Karịsịa, ogologo oge itinye n'otu akụkụ nke fatịlaịza acid, fatịlaịza acid physiological ma ọ bụ fatịlaịza nitrogen ga-eduga acidification ala. Ya mere, na-eji afatịlaịza mgbasanwere ike gbasaa fatịlaịza karịa nke ọma. Ogige tii ekwesịghị imesi ike naanị ngwa nke fatịlaịza nitrogen, mana kwesịrị ịṅa ntị na ngwakọta nke nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium na ihe ndị ọzọ. Iji mee ka ihe ndị na-edozi ala na-edozi ahụ ma gbochie acidification ala, dị ka njirimara absorption nke fatịlaịza na àgwà ala, ọ dị mma iji usoro nyocha nke ala fatịlaịza ma ọ bụ gwakọta ma tinye ọtụtụ fatịlaịza.