Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab detoxifying los ntawm tshuaj yej tau raug kaw thaum ntxov li Shennong herbal classic. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm science thiab technology, tib neeg them nyiaj ntau dua
thiab ntau dua rau kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj yej. Tshuaj yej yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv tshuaj yej polyphenols, tshuaj yej polysaccharides, theanine, caffeine thiab lwm yam functionality. Nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev rog, ntshav qab zib, mob ntev thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Cov kab mob hauv plab yog suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb "cov kab mob metabolic" thiab "endocrine organ", uas yog tsim los ntawm kwv yees li 100 trillion microorganisms nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Cov kab mob hauv plab yog ze ze rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev rog, ntshav qab zib, kub siab thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau thiab ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qhov tshwj xeeb kev kho mob nyhuv ntawm tshuaj yej tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj yej, cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab cov hnyuv. Ntau cov ntaub ntawv tau lees paub tias cov tshuaj yej polyphenols uas tsis muaj bioavailability tuaj yeem nqus tau thiab siv los ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv loj, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj yej thiab plab hnyuv muaj tsis meej. Txawm hais tias nws yog qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha ntawm cov metabolites ntawm cov tshuaj yej ua haujlwm nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov kab mob, lossis qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha ntawm cov tshuaj yej txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob tshwj xeeb hauv cov hnyuv los tsim cov metabolites zoo.
Yog li, daim ntawv no qhia txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab cov hnyuv hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws nyob rau xyoo tas los no, thiab combs cov txheej txheem tswj hwm ntawm "tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm - plab hnyuv - plab hnyuv metabolites - tus tswv noj qab haus huv", thiaj li yuav muab cov tswv yim tshiab rau kev kawm txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm.

01
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm plab hnyuv flora thiab human homeostasis
Nrog rau qhov chaw sov thiab tsis pom kev ntawm tib neeg txoj hnyuv, cov kab mob tuaj yeem loj hlob thiab tsim tawm hauv tib neeg txoj hnyuv, uas yog ib feem ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Lub microbiota nqa los ntawm tib neeg lub cev tuaj yeem txhim kho nyob rau tib lub sijhawm nrog kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg lub cev, thiab tswj nws lub cev ruaj khov thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg hauv cov neeg laus mus txog thaum tuag.
Cov kab mob hauv plab tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau tib neeg kev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov metabolism thiab lub paj hlwb los ntawm nws cov nplua nuj metabolites, xws li cov saw luv luv fatty acids (SCFAs). Nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv ntawm cov neeg laus noj qab nyob zoo, Bacteroidetes thiab Firmicutes yog cov tseem ceeb flora, accounting rau ntau tshaj 90% ntawm tag nrho cov plab hnyuv flora, ua raws li Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, verrucomicrobia thiab hais txog.
Ntau yam kab mob hauv cov hnyuv sib xyaw ua ke hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem, txwv thiab nyob ntawm ib leeg, txhawm rau tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm txoj hnyuv homeostasis. Kev ntxhov siab, kev noj zaub mov zoo, tshuaj tua kab mob, pH plab hnyuv tsis zoo thiab lwm yam yuav ua rau lub cev tsis tu ncua ntawm txoj hnyuv, ua rau lub plab zom mov tsis txaus, thiab rau qee yam, ua rau cov kab mob metabolic, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab lwm yam kab mob. , xws li kab mob gastrointestinal, kab mob hlwb thiab lwm yam.
Kev noj zaub mov yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cuam tshuam rau txoj hnyuv. Kev noj zaub mov zoo (xws li kev noj zaub mov muaj fiber ntau, prebiotics, thiab lwm yam) yuav txhawb nqa cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, xws li kev nce hauv Lactobacillus thiab Bifidobacterium tsim SCFAs, txhawm rau txhim kho cov tshuaj insulin thiab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus tswv tsev. Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo (xws li qab zib siab thiab noj zaub mov muaj calorie ntau ntau) yuav hloov cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv thiab nce qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov kab mob Gram-negative, thaum cov kab mob Gram-negative ntau dhau yuav txhawb kev tsim cov lipopolysaccharide (LPS), nce plab hnyuv permeability, thiab ua rau rog rog, o thiab txawm tias endotoxemia.
Yog li ntawd, kev noj haus yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj hwm thiab txhim kho homeostasis ntawm plab hnyuv ntawm tus tswv tsev, uas ncaj qha ntsig txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus tswv tsev.

02

Kev tswj cov tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom ua haujlwm ntawm cov hnyuv
Txog tam sim no, muaj ntau dua 700 lub npe tshuaj hauv tshuaj yej, suav nrog tshuaj yej polyphenols, tshuaj yej polysaccharides, theanine, caffeine thiab lwm yam. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txawv ntawm tib neeg txoj hnyuv, nrog rau kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm probiotics xws li akkermansia, bifidobacteria thiab Roseburia, thiab inhibiting kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob phem xws li Enterobacteriaceae thiab Helicobacter.
1. Kev tswj cov tshuaj yej ntawm cov hnyuv
Hauv cov qauv colitis tshwm sim los ntawm dextran sodium sulfate, rau lub teas tau raug pov thawj tias muaj cov teebmeem prebiotic, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov hnyuv hauv cov nas colitis, txo cov kab mob uas muaj feem cuam tshuam thiab ua rau muaj cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Huang et al. Pom tau tias kev cuam tshuam kev kho mob ntawm Pu'er tshuaj yej tuaj yeem txo qhov mob plab hnyuv vim yog dextran sodium sulfate; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev cuam tshuam kev kho mob ntawm Pu'er tshuaj yej tuaj yeem txo cov txheeb ze ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau Spirillum, cyanobacteria thiab Enterobacteriaceae, thiab txhawb kev nce ntawm cov txheeb ze muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kab mob Ackermann, Lactobacillus, muribaculum thiab ruminococcaceae ucg-014. Kev sim hloov cov kab mob fecal ntxiv tau ua pov thawj tias Pu'er tshuaj yej tuaj yeem txhim kho colitis vim yog dextran sodium sulfate los ntawm kev thim rov qab qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov hnyuv. Qhov kev txhim kho no yuav yog vim qhov nce ntawm SCFAs cov ntsiab lus hauv nas cecum thiab ua kom cov receptors los ntawm colonic peroxisome proliferators γ nce kev qhia. Cov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tau hais tias tshuaj yej muaj cov haujlwm prebiotic, thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj yej yog ntaus nqi tsawg kawg yog ib feem ntawm nws txoj kev tswj cov hnyuv.

2. Kev tswj cov tshuaj yej polyphenols ntawm cov hnyuv
Zhu et al pom tias Fuzhuan Tea Polyphenol cuam tshuam tuaj yeem txo qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov hnyuv hauv cov nas vim yog cov rog rog, ua rau muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm plab hnyuv, txo qhov sib piv ntawm Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes, thiab ua kom cov txheeb ze nplua nuj ntawm qee qhov tseem ceeb. microorganisms, suav nrog akkermansia muciniphila, alloprevotella Bacteroides thiab faecalis baculum, thiab cov kab mob fecal transplantation sim ntxiv ua pov thawj tias qhov hnyav poob ntawm Fuzhuan Tea polyphenols ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov hnyuv. Wu et al. Ua pov thawj tias nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntawm colitis induced los ntawm dextran sodium sulfate, alleviating nyhuv ntawm epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) ntawm colitis yog tiav los ntawm regulating plab hnyuv flora. EGCG tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txheeb ze ntau ntawm SCFAs tsim cov kab mob, xws li Ackermann thiab Lactobacillus. Cov nyhuv prebiotic ntawm cov tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem txo qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov hnyuv uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Txawm hais tias cov kab mob tshwj xeeb uas tswj hwm los ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj yej polyphenols yuav txawv, tsis muaj kev ntseeg tias kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov hnyuv.
3. Kev tswj cov tshuaj yej polysaccharide ntawm txoj hnyuv plab
Tshuaj yej polysaccharides tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov hnyuv. Nws tau pom nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv ntawm cov kab mob ntshav qab zib hom nas uas tshuaj yej polysaccharides tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheeb ze ntau ntawm SCFAs tsim cov kab mob, xws li lachnospira, victivallis thiab Rossella, thiab tom qab ntawd txhim kho cov piam thaj thiab lipid metabolism. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv cov qauv colitis tshwm sim los ntawm dextran sodium sulfate, tshuaj yej polysaccharide tau pom los txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm Bacteroides, uas tuaj yeem txo qis LPS hauv cov quav thiab ntshav, txhim kho txoj haujlwm ntawm plab hnyuv epithelial barrier thiab inhibit plab hnyuv thiab lub cev. mob. Yog li ntawd, tshuaj yej polysaccharide tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo xws li SCFAs thiab inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm LPS tsim cov kab mob, txhawm rau txhim kho cov qauv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hnyuv thiab tswj cov homeostasis ntawm tib neeg cov hnyuv.
4. Kev tswj hwm ntawm lwm cov khoom siv hauv cov tshuaj yej ntawm cov hnyuv
Tshuaj yej saponin, tseem hu ua tshuaj yej saponin, yog ib yam ntawm glycoside tebchaw nrog complex qauv muab rho tawm los ntawm tshuaj yej noob. Nws muaj qhov hnyav molecular, muaj zog polarity thiab yooj yim rau yaj hauv dej. Li Yu thiab lwm tus pub cov menyuam yaj uas tsis muaj tshuaj yej saponin. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas plab hnyuv tau pom tias qhov txheeb ze ntawm cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev zom zaub mov muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv, thaum cov txheeb ze ntawm cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo cuam tshuam nrog lub cev kab mob txo qis. Yog li ntawd, tshuaj yej saponin muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub plab hnyuv ntawm cov menyuam yaj. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm tshuaj yej saponin tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov hnyuv, txhim kho txoj hnyuv homeostasis, thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv thiab kev zom zaub mov ntawm lub cev.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv tshuaj yej kuj suav nrog theanine thiab caffeine. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov bioavailability siab ntawm theanine, caffeine thiab lwm yam khoom siv ua haujlwm, qhov nqus tau ua tiav ua ntej mus txog cov hnyuv loj, thaum lub plab hnyuv feem ntau faib rau hauv cov hnyuv loj. Yog li ntawd, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lawv thiab cov kab mob hauv plab tsis meej.

03
Tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tswj cov hnyuv
Muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau tus tswv tsev noj qab haus huv
Lipinski thiab lwm tus ntseeg tias cov tebchaw uas tsis muaj bioavailability feem ntau muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no: (1) compound molecular hnyav> 500, logP> 5; (2) Tus nqi ntawm – Oh los yog – NH nyob rau hauv lub compound yog ≥ 5; (3) Pab pawg N lossis O pawg uas tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen hauv cov khoom sib xyaw yog ≥ 10. Ntau cov khoom siv hauv tshuaj yej, xws li theaflavin, thearubin, tshuaj yej polysaccharide thiab lwm cov tshuaj macromolecular, yog qhov nyuaj rau kev nqus ncaj qha los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. vim lawv muaj tag nrho lossis ib feem ntawm cov yam ntxwv saum toj no.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua cov khoom noj ntawm cov hnyuv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov khoom no tsis tau nqus tau tuaj yeem degraded mus rau hauv cov khoom me me molecular xws li SCFAs rau tib neeg nqus thiab siv nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov hnyuv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tshuaj no tseem tuaj yeem tswj cov kab mob hauv plab, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig tsim cov tshuaj xws li SCFAs thiab inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob tsis zoo uas tsim cov tshuaj xws li LPS.
Koropatkin li al pom tias cov hnyuv muaj peev xwm metabolize polysaccharides hauv tshuaj yej rau hauv cov metabolites theem nrab uas tau tswj hwm los ntawm SCFAs los ntawm thawj qhov kev degradation thiab theem nrab degradation. Tsis tas li ntawd, tshuaj yej polyphenols nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv uas tsis ncaj qha absorbed thiab siv los ntawm tib neeg lub cev muaj peev xwm feem ntau yuav maj mam hloov mus rau hauv aromatic tebchaw, phenolic acids thiab lwm yam tshuaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm txoj hnyuv flora, thiaj li qhia tau hais tias ntau dua physiological kev ua si rau tib neeg nqus. thiab kev siv.
Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau lees paub tias cov tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm feem ntau tswj cov kab mob hauv plab los ntawm kev tswj cov hnyuv microbial ntau haiv neeg, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig thiab inhibiting cov kab mob phem, thiaj li tswj hwm microbial metabolites rau tib neeg nqus thiab siv, thiab muab kev ua si tag nrho. rau kev noj qab haus huv tseem ceeb ntawm tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Ua ke nrog kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj yej, nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm thiab cov kab mob plab hnyuv uas cuam tshuam rau tus tswv tsev noj qab haus huv yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm peb yam hauv qab no.
1. Tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm - plab hnyuv - SCFAs - kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus tswv tsev
Cov noob ntawm plab hnyuv muaj 150 npaug siab dua li tib neeg cov noob. Cov kab mob sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob ua rau nws muaj enzymes thiab biochemical metabolic txoj hauv kev uas tus tswv tsis muaj, thiab tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ntau cov enzymes uas tib neeg lub cev tsis muaj los hloov polysaccharides rau hauv monosaccharides thiab SCFAs.
SCFAs yog tsim los ntawm fermentation thiab transformation ntawm undigested zaub mov nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Nws yog lub ntsiab metabolite ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau hauv qhov kawg ntawm txoj hnyuv, feem ntau suav nrog acetic acid, propionic acid thiab butyric acid. SCFAs raug suav hais tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov piam thaj thiab lipid metabolism, plab hnyuv o, plab hnyuv teeb meem, plab hnyuv txav thiab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv tus qauv colitis induced los ntawm dextran sodium sulfate, tshuaj yej tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheeb ze ntau ntawm SCFAs tsim cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv nas thiab nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm acetic acid, propionic acid thiab butyric acid hauv cov quav, thiaj li ua rau mob plab hnyuv. Pu'er tshuaj yej polysaccharide tuaj yeem tswj cov kab mob hauv plab, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm SCFAs tsim cov kab mob thiab ua kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm SCFAs hauv nas quav. Zoo ib yam li polysaccharides, kev noj cov tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem ua rau kom cov concentration ntawm SCFAs thiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm SCFAs uas tsim cov kab mob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Wang et al pom tias kev noj cov tshuaj thearubicin tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau ntawm cov hnyuv ua rau SCFAs, txhawb kev tsim ntawm SCFAs hauv txoj hnyuv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim cov butyric acid, txhawb cov beige ntawm cov rog dawb thiab txhim kho cov inflammatory teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj zaub mov muaj rog.
Yog li ntawd, tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim tawm ntawm SCFAs tsim cov kab mob los ntawm kev tswj cov kab mob hauv plab, thiaj li ua kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm SCFAs hauv lub cev thiab ua kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv zoo.

2. Tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm - plab hnyuv - bas - tswj kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv
Bile acid (BAS) yog lwm hom tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, uas yog tsim los ntawm hepatocytes. Thawj cov kua tsib acids ua ke nyob rau hauv daim siab ua ke nrog taurine thiab glycine thiab secreted rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li dehydroxylation, sib txawv isomerization thiab oxidation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov hnyuv, thiab thaum kawg cov kua tsib acids yog tsim. Yog li ntawd, lub plab hnyuv flora plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov metabolism hauv bas.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv ntawm BAS kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog cov piam thaj thiab lipid metabolism, plab hnyuv teeb meem thiab qib inflammatory. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias Pu'er tshuaj yej thiab theabrownin tuaj yeem txo cov roj cholesterol thiab lipid los ntawm inhibiting microorganisms uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kua tsib ntsev hydrolase (BSH) kev ua thiab nce qib ntawm ileal bound bile acids. Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm EGCG thiab caffeine, Zhu et al. Pom tau tias lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj yej hauv kev txo cov rog thiab poob phaus tuaj yeem yog vim EGCG thiab caffeine tuaj yeem txhim kho kev qhia ntawm cov kua tsib saline lyase BSH noob ntawm cov hnyuv, txhawb kev tsim cov kua tsib tsis sib txuas, hloov cov kua tsib kua qaub, thiab tom qab ntawd inhibit rog. induced los ntawm kev noj zaub mov muaj rog.
Yog li ntawd, tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tswj hwm kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim tawm ntawm cov kab mob zoo sib xws nrog cov metabolism hauv BAS, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov cov kua tsib kua qaub hauv lub cev, thiaj li ua si lub luag haujlwm ntawm lipid-txo thiab poob phaus.
3. Tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom ua haujlwm - plab hnyuv - lwm yam plab hnyuv metabolites - kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus tswv tsev
LPS, tseem hu ua endotoxin, yog cov khoom sab nraud ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tes ntawm cov kab mob Gram-negative. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hnyuv, LPS nkag mus rau hauv tus tswv tsev, thiab tom qab ntawd ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob. Zuo Gaolong et al. Pom tau tias Fuzhuan Tshuaj yej txo qis qib LPS cov ntshav hauv cov nas uas muaj cov kab mob tsis zoo rau lub siab, thiab cov kab mob Gram-negative hauv cov hnyuv tau txo qis. Nws tau kwv yees ntxiv tias Fuzhuan Tea tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob Gram-tsis zoo uas ua rau LPS hauv txoj hnyuv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tseem tuaj yeem tswj hwm cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau yam metabolites ntawm cov hnyuv hauv plab hnyuv, xws li cov roj ntsha saturated acids, branched saw amino acids, vitamin K2 thiab lwm yam tshuaj, thiaj li tswj cov piam thaj thiab lipid metabolism. thiab tiv thaiv cov pob txha.

04
Xaus
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov dej haus nrov tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj yej tau raug tshawb fawb dav hauv cov hlwb, tsiaj txhu thiab txawm tias tib neeg lub cev. Yav dhau los, nws feem ntau xav tias kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj yej feem ntau yog ua kom tsis muaj menyuam, tiv thaiv kev mob, tiv thaiv oxidation thiab lwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov hnyuv tau maj mam nyiam cov xim. Los ntawm thawj "tus tswv tsev kab mob plab hnyuv" mus rau tam sim no "tus tswv tsev plab hnyuv plab hnyuv metabolites kab mob", nws ntxiv nthuav qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov hnyuv. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no, kev tshawb fawb txog kev tswj hwm tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ntawm cov hnyuv feem ntau tsom rau kev tswj cov kab mob plab hnyuv, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab inhibiting kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob phem, thaum tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb txog cov kab mob. tshwj xeeb kev sib raug zoo ntawm tshuaj yej thiab nws cov functional Cheebtsam regulating plab hnyuv flora thiab host kev noj qab haus huv.
Yog li ntawd, raws li cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no, daim ntawv no tsim lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm "tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm - plab hnyuv - plab hnyuv metabolites - tus tswv tsev noj qab haus huv", txhawm rau muab cov tswv yim tshiab rau kev kawm txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev. tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm.
Vim qhov tsis meej ntawm "tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm - plab hnyuv - plab hnyuv metabolites - tus tswv tsev noj qab haus huv", kev lag luam kev cia siab ntawm tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm raws li prebiotics txwv. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, "cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kheej" tau pom tias muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hnyuv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nrog rau cov lus pom zoo ntawm "cov tshuaj muaj tseeb", "kev noj zaub mov zoo" thiab "cov khoom noj muaj tseeb", cov kev xav tau siab dua tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej kom paub meej txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm "tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom ua haujlwm - plab hnyuv - plab hnyuv metabolites - host kev noj qab haus huv". Hauv kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej, cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum qhia ntxiv txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom siv ua haujlwm thiab cov kab mob hauv plab nrog kev pab los ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntau dua, xws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau pawg (xws li macrogenome thiab metabolome). Kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom ua haujlwm tau tshawb pom los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cais tawm thiab ntxuav cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv thiab cov nas tsis muaj menyuam. Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom ua haujlwm tswj cov hnyuv muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tus tswv tsev noj qab haus huv tsis paub meej, tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj yej thiab nws cov khoom ua haujlwm ntawm cov hnyuv yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv.