Amino acids yog cov tshuaj tsw qab tseem ceeb hauv tshuaj yej. Thaum lub sij hawm ua ntawmtshuaj yej ua machinery, ntau yam enzymatic lossis tsis-enzymatic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj yuav tshwm sim thiab hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm tshuaj yej aroma thiab pigments. Tam sim no, 26 amino acids tau pom nyob rau hauv tshuaj yej, suav nrog 20 protein-derived amino acids thiab 6 non-protein-derived amino acids.

1. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj yej germplasm peev txheej ntawm kev sib txuas, metabolism thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj yej amino acids

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov amino acids, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog theanine, sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj yej tsob ntoo sib txawv. Tus nqi ntawm cov nplooj ntsuab ntau ntxiv nrog rau txoj haujlwm nplooj ntawm ib nplooj, ob nplooj, thiab peb nplooj, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm theanine hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas tua yog siab tshaj.

2. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom ntawm kev sib txuas, metabolism thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj yej amino acids

Thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav, koj tuaj yeem siv atshuaj yej qoob loor kom sai khaws cov tshuaj yej nplooj. Cov amino acid cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tshuaj yej yog ho siab dua li lub caij ntuj sov tshuaj yej. Yog vim li cas yog lub teeb muaj zog thiab kub siab nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov yuav ua rau txo qis cov tshuaj yej tsob ntoo nitrogen metabolism thiab muaj zog theanine hydrolysis thiab transformation muaj peev xwm, ua rau cov amino acid cov ntsiab lus qis dua hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas tua thaum lub caij ntuj sov.

3. Cov teebmeem ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab khaws cia rau ntawm kev sib txuas, cov metabolism thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj yej amino acids

Cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov amino acid cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj yej thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm ob yam. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qee cov proteins me me los yog polypeptides tau nyob hauv zos hydrolysis thiab pyrolysis nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ya raws thiab cua sov, ua rau tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov amino acids; Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov amino acids yog Nws yog txo los ntawm oxidation, hydrolysis, transformation, thiab ua ke nrog qab zib thiab polyphenols los ua xim, aroma thiab saj tshuaj.

(1) Tshaj thiab qhuav

Thaum sib kis thiabtshuaj yej withering tshuabtheem, cov amino acids dawb yog tsim los ntawm cov protein hydrolysis, yog li tag nrho cov amino acid cov ntsiab lus feem ntau qhia txog kev nce siab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus theanine ua rau kev qhia ntawm theanine hydrolase vim dej poob, ua rau theanine hydrolyzed, qhia Downtrend.

(2) Fermentation theem

Fermentation feem ntau muab faib ua polyphenol oxidase fermentation thiab microbial fermentation. Thaum lub sij hawm fermentation txheej txheem ntawm tshuaj yej, lub hlwb puas lawm tom qab tau dhau los ntawm lubtshuaj yej rolling tshuab, thiab phenolic tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub hlwb yog oxidized los ntawm polyphenol oxidase. Qhov tshwm sim quinone tebchaw tau txais qee qhov rov qab los yog tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog cov amino acids, uas muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau lub aroma ntawm cov tshuaj yej dub. lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.

(3) Kho thiab ziab

Thaum lub sij hawm kho thiab ziab, qhov kub thiab txias plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Amino acids feem ntau raug oxidative polymerization nrog o-quinones lossis raug Maillard cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog carbonyl compounds. Qhov siab dua qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj yej kho tshuab, qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov ntau duatshuaj yej kho tshuab, qhov ntau hydrolyzed cov amino acids yuav thaum txhawb cov hydrolysis ntawm cov proteins. thiab kev hloov pauv.

(4) Kev cia khoom

Thaum lub sij hawm cia txheej txheem ntawm tshuaj yej, amino acids yuav ntxiv degraded thiab hloov vim kev hloov nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig thiab lub sij hawm. Qhov kub thiab txias ntau dua, qhov ntau dua qhov degradation.