ʻO ke kī kekahi o nā mea inu nui ʻekolu o ka honua, waiwai i nā polyphenols, me ka antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-virus, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic a me nā hana olaola a me nā hana mālama ola. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kī i ke kī kī ʻole, ke kī fermented a me ke kī post-fermented e like me kāna ʻenehana hana a me ka pae o ka fermentation. Post-fermented kī pili i kī me microbial komo i ka fermentation, e like me Pu 'er moʻa kī, Fu Brick kī, Liubao kī i hanaia ma Kina, A me Kippukucha, Saryusoso, Yamabukinadeshiko, Suraribijin a me Kuroyamecha i hanaia ma Iapana. ʻO kēia mau kīʻaha microbial fermented i aloha ʻia e nā poʻe no kā lākou hopena mālama ola e like me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka momona koko, ke kō koko a me ka cholesterol.

Ma hope o ka fermentation microbial, hoʻololi ʻia nā polyphenols kī i ke kī e nā enzymes a ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā polyphenols he nui me nā hale hou. ʻO Teadenol A a me Teadenol B nā huaʻai polyphenol i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ke kī fermented me Aspergillus sp (PK-1, FARM AP-21280). Ma kahi noiʻi ma hope, ua ʻike ʻia i ka nui o ka ti fermented. Loaʻa i nā Teadenols ʻelua stereoisomers, cis-Teadenol A a me trans-Teadenol B. Molecular formula C14H12O6, molecular kaumaha 276.06, [MH]-275.0562, hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano hana ma ke Kiʻi 1. Loaʻa i nā Teadenols nā hui cyclic like me ke apo a me C- mau hale apo o flavane 3-waiona a he b-ring fission catechins derivatives. Hiki ke biosynthesized ʻo Teadenol A a me Teadenol B mai EGCG a me GCG.

Ma nā haʻawina ma hope mai, ua ʻike ʻia he mau hana olaola nā Teadenols e like me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka huna ʻana adiponectin, kaohi ʻana i ka protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) hōʻike a me ke keʻokeʻo, ka mea i huki i ka manaʻo o nā mea noiʻi he nui. ʻO Adiponectin kahi polypeptide kikoʻī loa i ka kiko adipose, hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi metabolic i ka maʻi diabetes type II. ʻIke ʻia ʻo PTP1B ma ke ʻano he hopena lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi a me ka momona, e hōʻike ana he hopena hypoglycemic a me ke kaumaha o Teadenols.

I loko o kēia pepa, ua loiloi ʻia ka ʻike ʻike, biosynthesis, ka huina a me ka bioactivity o Teadenols i loko o ka microbial fermented ti, i mea e hāʻawi ai i ke kumu ʻepekema a me ka ʻōlelo kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā Teadenols.

▲ TA kiʻi kino

01

ʻIke ʻia o nā Teadenols i loko o ke kī i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ka microbial

Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā Teadenols mai Aspergillus SP (PK-1, FARM AP-21280) i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka manawa mua, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻenehana HPLC a me LC-MS/MS e aʻo i nā Teadenols i nā ʻano kī like ʻole. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina ʻo Teadenols ka mea nui i loko o ka tii fermented microbial.

▲ TA, TB wai chromatogram

▲ Mass spectrometry o microbial fermented kī a me TA a me TB

Aspergillus oryzae SP.PK-1, FARM AP-21280, Aspergillus oryzae sp.AO-1, ​​NBRS 4214, Aspergillus awamori sp.SK-1, Aspergillus oryzae Sp.AO-1, ​​NBRS 4214, Aspergillus oryzae sp.SK-1 , NBRS 4122), Eurotium sp. Ka-1, FARM AP-21291, Ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole o Teadenols i loko o ke kī fermented Kippukucha, Saryusoso, Yamabukinadeshiko, Suraribijin a me Kuroyamecha, gentoku-cha i kūʻai ʻia ma Iapana, a i ke kī kuke o Pu erh, Liubao kī a me Fu Brick kī o Kina.

ʻOkoʻa ka ʻike o Teadenols i nā kī like ʻole, i manaʻo ʻia e kumu ʻia e nā ʻano hana like ʻole a me nā kūlana fermentation.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hou aʻe he haʻahaʻa loa ka maʻiʻo o Teadenols i loko o nā lau kī me ka ʻole o ka microbial fermentation processing, e like me ke kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ke kī ʻeleʻele, ke kī oolong a me ke kī keʻokeʻo, ma lalo o ka palena ʻike. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike Teadenol i loko o nā lau kī like ʻole ma ka Papa 1.

02

Bioactivity o Teadenols

Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina e hiki i nā Teadenols ke hoʻoikaika i ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha, hakakā i ka maʻi diabetes, hakakā i ka oxidation, keʻakeʻa i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi a me ka keʻokeʻo o ka ʻili.

Hiki iā Teadenol A ke hoʻoikaika i ka huna ʻana adiponectin. ʻO Adiponectin kahi peptide endogenous i hūnā ʻia e nā adipocytes a kikoʻī loa i ka kiko adipose. Hoʻopili maikaʻi loa ia me ka ʻiʻo adipose visceral a loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai anti-inflammatory a me anti-atherosclerotic. No laila hiki iā Teadenol A ke lilo i ke kaumaha.

Kāohi pū ʻo Teadenol A i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), He mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻo tyrosine phosphatase i loko o ka ʻohana protein tyrosine phosphatase, he hana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i ka hōʻailona insulin a ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he pahuhopu therapeutic no ka maʻi diabetes. Hiki i ka Teadenol A ke hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ka insulin ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka ʻōlelo PTP1B. I kēia manawa, ʻo TOMOTAKA et al. Ua hōʻike ʻo Teadenol A he ligand o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka momona momona GPR120, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa pololei a hoʻōla i ka GPR120 a hoʻoikaika i ka huna ʻana o ka hormone insulin GLP-1 i loko o nā ʻōpū endocrine STC-1. Kāohi ʻo Glp-1 i ka ʻai a hoʻonui i ka huna ʻana o ka insulin, e hōʻike ana i nā hopena anti-diabetic. No laila, loaʻa iā Teadenol A kahi hopena antidiabetic.

ʻO nā waiwai IC50 o ka hana scavenging DPPH a me ka superoxide anion radical scavenging hana o Teadenol A he 64.8 μg / mL a me 3.335 mg / mL. He 17.6 U/mL a me 12 U/mL ka nui o na waiwai IC50 o ka nui antioxidant. Ua hōʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ke kī kī i loaʻa iā Teadenol B he hana anti-proliferating kiʻekiʻe e kūʻē i ka HT-29 colon cancer cells, a ke kāohi i ka HT-29 colon cancer cells ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pae hōʻike o caspase-3/7, caspase-8 a me Caspase. -9, ka make o ka mea hoʻokipa a me nā ala apoptosis mitochondrial.

Eia kekahi, ʻo Teadenols kahi papa o polyphenols hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻili ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka hana melanocyte a me ka synthesis melanin.

03

ʻO ka hui ʻana o Teadenols

E like me ka ʻike ʻia mai ka ʻikepili noiʻi ma ka Papa 1, ʻo Teadenols i ka microbial fermentation tea he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, he paʻakikī ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka noiʻi hohonu a me ka hoʻomohala noi. No laila, ua hana nā loea i nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka synthesis o ia mau mea mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka biotransformation a me ka synthesis chemical.

WULANDARI et al. inoculated Aspergillus SP (PK-1, FARM AP-21280) i loko o ka hui 'ana o sterilized EGCG a me GCG. Ma hope o 2 pule o ka moʻomeheu ma 25 ℃, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo HPLC e kālailai i ke ʻano o ka moʻomeheu moʻomeheu. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Teadenol A a me Teadenol B. Ma hope mai, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Aspergillus oryzae A. Awamori (NRIB-2061) a me Aspergillus oryzae A. Kawachii (IFO-4308) i loko o kahi hui o autoclave EGCG a me GCG, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano like. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Teadenol A a me Teadenol B ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Ua hōʻike kēia mau haʻawina e hiki i ka hoʻololi microbial o EGCG a me GCG ke hana i Teadenol A a me Teadenol B. SONG et al. Ua hoʻohana ʻo EGCG ma ke ʻano he mea maka a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Aspergillus sp e aʻo i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka hana ʻana o Teadenol A a me Teadenol B e ka moʻomeheu wai a paʻa. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena i ka mea i hoʻololi ʻia ʻo CZapEK-DOX i loaʻa ka 5%EGCG a me 1% ka pauka kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo i loaʻa ka hua kiʻekiʻe loa. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka pauka kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻaʻole i pili pono i ka hana ʻana o Teadenol A a me Teadenol B, akā hoʻoulu nui i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka biosynthase i komo. Eia hou, YOSHIDA et al. synthesized Teadenol A a me Teadenol B mai phloroglucinol. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu koʻikoʻi o ka synthesis he asymmetric α -aminoxy catalytic reaction o nā aldehydes catalytic organik a me ka intramolecular allyl substitution o palladium-catalyzed phenol.

▲ Electron microscopy o ke kaʻina fermentation kī

04

Ke noi noi o Teadenols

Ma muli o kāna hana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Teadenols i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka meaʻai a me ka meaʻai, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā reagents ʻike a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.

Aia nā huahana pili i loaʻa nā Teadenols ma ke kahua meaʻai, e like me ka Japanese Slimming Tea a me nā polyphenols kī fermented. Eia kekahi, ʻo Yanagida et al. ua hōʻoia ʻia e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana kī i loaʻa iā Teadenol A a me Teadenol B i ka hana ʻana i nā meaʻai, condiments, nā mea hoʻohui olakino, nā meaʻai holoholona a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. ITO et al. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi lāʻau topical ʻili i loaʻa nā Teadenols me ka hopena keʻokeʻo ikaika, ka pale ʻana i ka radical manuahi a me ka hopena anti-wrinkle. Loaʻa iā ia nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka huehue, ka moisturizing, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana pale, ke kāohi ʻana i ka ʻeha i loaʻa mai i ka uV a me nā ʻeha anti-pressure.

Ma Kina, kapa ʻia ʻo Teadenols i ka fu tea. Ua alakaʻi nā mea noiʻi i nā haʻawina he nui e pili ana i nā ʻāpana kī a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano hui pū i loaʻa i ka fu kī A a me Fu kī B ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā lipids koko, ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha, ke kō koko, ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka palupalu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko. ʻO ka kiʻekiʻe-maʻemaʻe fu kī A hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻomākaukau ʻia e Zhao Ming et al. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā lāʻau antilipid. He Zhihong et al. i hana ʻia i nā capsules kī, papa a i ʻole granules i loaʻa i ka ti anhua ʻeleʻele o Fu A a me Fu B, gynostema pentaphylla, Rhizoma orientalis, ophiopogon a me nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā meaʻai homology ʻē aʻe, he hopena mau loa i ka pohō kaumaha a me ka emi ʻana o ka lipid no nā ʻano obese āpau. kanaka. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo Tan Xiao ʻao i ke kī fuzhuan me ka fuzhuan A a me Fuzhuan B, he mea maʻalahi ke komo ʻia e ke kino kanaka a loaʻa nā hopena ʻike i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension a me ka palupalu o nā kīʻaha koko.

05

“ʻŌlelo

ʻO nā Teadenols he b-ring fission catechin derivatives i loaʻa i ka tii fermented microbial, hiki ke loaʻa mai ka microbial transformation o epigallocatechin gallate a i ʻole mai ka huina o ka phloroglucinol. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e loaʻa nā Teadenols i loko o nā ʻano kī fermented microbial. ʻO nā huahana me Aspergillus Niger fermented tea, Aspergillus oryzae fermented tea, Aspergillus oryzae fermented tea, Sachinella fermented tea, Kippukucha (Iapana), Saryusoso (Iapana), Yamabukinadeshiko (Iapana), Suraribijin (Iapan), Gentok U. cha (Iapana), Awa-Bancha (Iapana), Goishi-cha (Iapana), Puʻer kī, Liubao kī a me Fu Brick kī, akā, ʻokoʻa loa nā mea o Teadenols i nā kī like ʻole. ʻO ka maʻiʻo o Teadenol A a me B mai 0.01% a 6.98% a me 0.01% a 0.54%. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻohe oolong, keʻokeʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā kī ʻeleʻele i kēia mau pūhui.

E pili ana i ka noiʻi o kēia manawa, ua kaupalena ʻia nā haʻawina e pili ana i nā Teadenols, e pili ana i ke kumu wale nō, ka ʻike, ka biosynthesis a me ke ala synthetic holoʻokoʻa, a me kāna ʻano hana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana e pono ai ka noiʻi nui. Me ka noiʻi hou aʻe, e loaʻa i nā pūhui Teadenols ka waiwai hoʻomohala ʻoi aku ka nui a me nā manaʻo noiʻi ākea.