ʻO ka Fermentation kahi hana nui i ka hana ʻana i ke kī ʻeleʻele. Ma hope o ka fermentation, hoʻololi ke kala o ka lau mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻulaʻula, e hana ana i nā ʻano maikaʻi o ka ʻulaʻula lau ʻulaʻula lau sopa. ʻO ke kumu o ka fermentation kīʻeleʻele ma lalo o ka hana ʻōwili o nā lau, ua luku ʻia ke ʻano o nā ʻili o nā lau lau, ua hōʻino ʻia ka membrane vacuolar semi permeable, piʻi ka permeability, a ua hoʻopili piha ʻia nā mea polyphenolic me nā oxidases, e hana ana i nā hopena enzymatic o polyphenolic. nā pūhui a me ka hana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka oxidation, polymerization, condensation a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe, e hana ana i nā mea kala e like me theaflavins a me thearubigins, ʻoiai e hana ana i nā mea me nā mea ʻala kūikawā.

ʻO ka maikaʻi okīʻeleʻele fermentationpili i nā mea e like me ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa, ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen, a me ka lōʻihi o ka hana fermentation. ʻO ka maʻamau, mālama ʻia ka mahana o ka lumi ma kahi o 20-25 ℃, a pono e mālama i ka mahana o nā lau fermented ma kahi o 30 ℃. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka ea ma luna o 90% he mea maikaʻi ia no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o ka polyphenol oxidase a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā theaflavins. I ka wā o ka fermentation, pono ka nui o ka oxygen, no laila he mea nui e mālama i ka ventila maikaʻi a hoʻolohe i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka wela a me ka ea. Hoʻopili ka mānoanoa o ka laha ʻana o ka lau i ka ea a me ka mahana o ka lau. Inā mānoanoa loa ka laha ʻana o ka lau, ʻaʻole e paʻa ka mahana o ka lau. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka laha lau he 10-20 knm, a ʻo nā lau ʻōpiopio a me nā ʻano lau liʻiliʻi e hohola lahilahi ʻia; Pono e hohola ʻia nā lau kahiko a me nā ʻano lau nui. E hohola mānoanoa ke emi ka mahana; Ke kiʻekiʻe ka mahana, pono e hoʻolaha lahilahi. ʻOkoʻa ka lōʻihi o ka manawa fermentation ma muli o ke kūlana fermentation, degere o ka ʻōwili ʻana, ka maikaʻi o ka lau, ke ʻano kī, a me ka manawa hana, a pono e hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka fermentation maʻalahi. ʻO ka manawa fermentation o Mingyou Gongfu kīʻeleʻele he 2-3 mau hola

Pono e pili ka degere o ka fermentation i ke kumu o ka "makemake i ka māmā ma mua o ke kaumaha", a ʻo ke ʻano maʻamau: ʻo nā lau fermentation e nalowale ko lākou ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka ʻala mauʻu, loaʻa kahi ʻala pua a me nā hua, a ʻulaʻula nā lau. ʻOkoʻa iki ka hohonu kala o nā lau fermented me ke kau a me ka makahiki a me ka palupalu o nā lau hou. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻulaʻula melemele ke kī puna, ʻulaʻula melemele ke kī kauwela; ʻO nā lau palupalu he ʻulaʻula like ʻole, aʻo nā lau kahiko he ʻulaʻula me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka fermentation, e haumia ka ʻala o nā lau kī, me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana, ʻulaʻula ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka sopa, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻono a astringent, a loaʻa nā pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma lalo. Inā nui ka fermentation, he ʻala haʻahaʻa a ʻeleʻele ka lau kī, a ma hope o ka hana ʻana, ʻulaʻula ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka sopa, ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, me ka ʻono maʻalahi a me nā lau ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele me nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele he nui ma lalo. Inā ʻawaʻawa ka ʻala, e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka fermentation.

Aia nā ʻano hana fermentation no ke kī ʻeleʻele, me ka fermentation maoli, ke keʻena fermentation, a me ka mīkini fermentation. ʻO ka fermentation kūlohelohe ke ʻano hana fermentation maʻamau, ʻo ia ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā lau i ʻōwili ʻia i loko o nā hīnaʻi ʻohe, uhi ʻia me kahi lole pulu, a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi kaiapuni o loko. ʻO ka lumi fermentation he wahi kūʻokoʻa i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia i loko o ka hale hana kīʻaha kī no ka fermentation o ke kī ʻeleʻele. Ua ulu wikiwiki nā mīkini fermentation a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻokō i ka mālama wela a me ka haʻahaʻa i ka wā fermentation.

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mīkini fermentation ka mea nui o nā mīkini fermentation mau a me ka cabinetNā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kī.

He ʻano maʻamau ka mīkini fermentation hoʻomau e like me ka mea maloʻo pā kaulahao. Hoʻolaha ʻia nā lau i hana ʻia ma luna o hoʻokahi haneli lau no ka fermentation. Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei ka moena papa lau haneli e ka hoʻololi mau ʻana a hoʻolako ʻia me ka ea, humidification, a me nā mea hoʻoponopono wela. He kūpono ia no ka hoʻomau ʻana i nā laina hana oki ʻeleʻele.

ʻAno pahunā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kī ʻeleʻelehele mai i loko o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, me kahi ʻano kumu like me nā mīkini paʻi a me nā mea ʻono. Loaʻa iā lākou ka mana paʻa o ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa, ka wāwae liʻiliʻi, a me ka hana maʻalahi, e kūpono iā lākou no nā ʻoihana hana kī liʻiliʻi a me waena.

ʻO ka mīkini hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻike ʻulaʻula e hoʻonā i nā pilikia o ka hui ʻana paʻakikī, lawa ʻole ka ea a me ka hāʻawi oxygen, lōʻihi fermentation pōʻai, a paʻakikī ka nānā ʻana i nā kūlana hana i nā lako fermentation kuʻuna. Hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka maʻalahi o ka ʻōnaehana scraper, a he mau hana e like me ke kūlana fermentation ʻike ʻia, ka huli ʻana i ka manawa, ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa, a me ka hānai ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana.

MANAʻO

Nā koi no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā lumi fermentation:

1. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke keʻena fermentation no ka hana fermentation o ke kī ʻeleʻele ma hope o ka ʻōwili ʻana, a pono ka nui. Pono e hoʻoholo ʻia ka wahi e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana o ka ʻoihana.
2. Pono e hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia nā puka a me nā puka makani i mea e maʻalahi ai ka ea ʻana a pale aku i ka lā pololei.
3. 'Oi aku ka maika'i o ka loa'a 'ana o ka papahele sima me nā 'auwaha a puni i mea e ma'alahi ai ka ho'oma'ema'e 'ana, a 'a'ole pono he mau kihi make i pa'akikī ke holoi.
4. Pono e hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hoʻomehana i loko a me ka humidification no ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana o loko ma waena o 25 ℃ a 45 ℃ a me ka haʻahaʻa pili i loko o ka laulā o 75% a 98%.
5. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pahu fermentation i loko o ke keʻena fermentation, me 8-10 mau papa i hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā manawa he 25 kenimika i kēlā me kēia. Kūkulu ʻia kahi pā fermentation movable, me ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 12-15 kenimika.