Organic shayi yana bin ka'idodin yanayi da ka'idodin muhalli a cikin tsarin samarwa, yana ɗaukar sabbin fasahohin noma masu ɗorewa waɗanda ke da fa'ida ga ilimin halittu da muhalli, baya amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, takin zamani, masu kula da girma da sauran abubuwa, kuma baya amfani da sinadarai na roba a cikin tsarin sarrafawa. . na kayan abinci na abinci don shayi da samfuran da ke da alaƙa.

Yawancin albarkatun da ake amfani da su wajen sarrafa Pu-erhAna noman shayi a wurare masu tsaunuka tare da kyakkyawan yanayin muhalli da nesa da birane. Wadannan wurare masu tsaunuka suna da ƙarancin gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi, yanayin yanayi mai dacewa, babban bambancin zafin rana tsakanin dare da rana, ƙarin humus ƙasa, babban abun ciki na kwayoyin halitta, wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki, kyakkyawan juriya na bishiyar shayi, da ingancin shayi. Kyakkyawan, shimfida kyakkyawan tushe don samar da kwayoyin halitta Pu- ehhshayi.

Haɓaka da samar da kwayoyin halitta Pu-erhsamfuran ba kawai ma'auni mai inganci ba ne ga kamfanoni don haɓaka inganci da ƙwarewar kasuwan Pu-erhshayi, amma kuma hanya ce mai mahimmanci ta samar da ita don kare muhallin Yunnan da adana albarkatun kasa, tare da fatan samun ci gaba mai yawa.

Labarin ya taƙaita fasahar sarrafawa da abubuwan da ke da alaƙa na Organic Pu-erhshayi, kuma yana ba da tunani don bincike da tsara ƙa'idodin fasaha don kwayoyin halitta Pu-erhsarrafa shayi, kuma yana ba da bayanin fasaha don sarrafawa da samar da kwayoyin halitta Pu-erhshayi.

01 Abubuwan bukatu don Masu Samar da Shayi na Organic Pu'er

1. Abubuwan buƙatun Organic Pu-erhMasu yin shayi

Bukatun cancanta

Organic Pu- ehhDole ne a samar da samfuran shayi daidai da buƙatun fasaha a cikin ƙa'idodin ƙasa don samfuran kwayoyin GB/T 19630-2019. Samfuran da aka sarrafa sun sami ƙwararrun ƙungiyoyin takaddun shaida, tare da cikakken tsarin gano samfur da rikodin samar da sauti.

Hukumar ba da takaddun shaida ce ta ba da takaddun samfuran halitta daidai da tanade-tanaden "Matakin Gudanar da Takaddun Takaddun Samfur" kuma yana aiki har tsawon shekara guda. Ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'i biyu: takaddun samfuran kwayoyin halitta da takaddun shaida na jujjuya kwayoyin halitta. Haɗe tare da ainihin samarwa da sarrafa samfuran shayi na kwayoyin halitta, takaddun takaddun samfuran kwayoyin halitta sun rubuta dalla-dalla bayanan lambun shayin, sabbin ganyen ganye, sunan samfurin shayi, adireshin sarrafawa, adadin samarwa da sauran bayanai.

A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan masana'antu guda biyu tare da Organic Pu- ehhcancantar sarrafa shayi. Daya ita ce lambun shayin da ba shi da takardar shedar kwayoyin halitta, sai dai kawai ya samu takardar shedar sarrafa kayan masarufi ko kuma taron bita; ɗayan kuma shine kasuwancin da ya sami takaddun shaida na lambun shayi na Organic da kuma takaddun shaida na masana'antar sarrafa ko bita. Waɗannan nau'ikan masana'antu guda biyu suna iya aiwatar da Organic Pu-erhsamfuran shayi, amma lokacin da nau'in kamfanoni na farko ke aiwatar da Organic Pu-erhkayayyakin shayi, albarkatun da ake amfani da su dole ne su fito daga lambunan shayin da aka tabbatar da su.

Yanayin samarwa da buƙatun gudanarwa

Organic Pu-erhKada a samar da masana'antar shayi a cikin gurɓataccen wuri. Kada a sami sharar gida mai haɗari, ƙura mai cutarwa, iskar gas mai cutarwa, abubuwan rediyo da sauran wuraren gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi a kewayen wurin. Kwari, ba a yarda da ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa kamar mold da Escherichia coli ba.

A fermentation na Organic Pu-erhshayi yana buƙatar taron bita na musamman, kuma ya kamata a yi la'akari da alƙawarin tafiyar da mutane da samfuran gabaɗaya yayin saita wurin fermentation don guje wa gurɓataccen gurɓatawa na biyu da gurɓatawa a cikin tsarin samarwa da sarrafawa. Wurin ajiya yana buƙatar tsabta, mai matsakaicin iska, kariya daga haske, ba tare da ƙamshi na musamman ba, kuma an sanye shi da abin da zai hana danshi, ƙura, kariya daga kwari da wuraren hana bera.

Samar da kwayoyin Pu-erh shayi yana buƙatar kwantena na ganye na musamman da kayan aikin sufuri, wuraren samarwa na musamman ko layukan samarwa, da kayan sarrafawa waɗanda ke amfani da makamashi mai tsafta. Kafin samarwa, wajibi ne a kula sosai da tsaftace kayan aiki da wuraren sarrafawa, da kuma ƙoƙarin guje wa aiki tare da sauran teas yayin aikin samarwa. . Dukansu ruwa mai tsafta da ruwan samarwa dole ne su cika buƙatun "Ka'idojin Tsaftar Ruwan Sha".

A lokacin samarwa, dole ne a mai da hankali sosai kan kiwon lafiya da tsaftar ma'aikatan sarrafawa. Dole ne ma'aikatan sarrafawa su nemi takardar shaidar lafiya kuma su kula da tsaftar mutum. Kafin su shiga wurin aiki, dole ne su wanke hannayensu, canza tufafi, canza takalma, sanya hula, da kuma sanya abin rufe fuska kafin su tafi aiki.

Daga tsintar sabbin ganye, tsarin sarrafa kwayoyin Pu-erhshayi ya kamata a rubuta ta ma'aikatan fasaha na cikakken lokaci. Lokacin dasa ganyen ganye, dasa shuki sabbin ganyen, da yawa da adadin sabbin ganyen da aka girbe, lokacin sarrafa kowane samfurin, ma'aunin fasaha na sarrafawa, da bayanan ajiya mai shigowa da mai fita na duk ɗanyen. ya kamata a bibiyar kayan kuma a bincika a duk tsawon aikin kuma a yi rikodin su. Organic Pu-erhSamar da shayi dole ne ya kafa fayil ɗin rikodin samar da samfur mai sauti don cimma nasarar rikodin sauti da sauti, ƙyale masu amfani da hukumomin gudanarwa don aiwatar da sa ido na ingancin samfur.

02 Bukatun sarrafawa of Organic Pu-er Tea  

1.Abubuwan bukatu don sabbin ganyen shayi

Sabbin ganyen shayin Pu-erh dole ne a tsince su daga lambunan shayi tare da kyawawan yanayin muhalli, mara gurɓatacce, iska mai daɗi da tushen ruwa mai tsafta, waɗanda suka sami takaddun shaida kuma suna cikin lokacin ingancin takaddun shaida. Saboda kayayyakin shayin gabaɗaya suna da inganci, maki huɗu ne kawai aka saita don sabbin maki ganye, kuma ganyayen ganyaye da tsofaffi ba a tsince su ba. Ana nuna maki da buƙatun sabbin ganye a cikin Tebura 1. Bayan daɗaɗɗen, sabbin kwantenan ganye dole ne su kasance masu tsabta, da iska, kuma mara gurɓatacce. Ya kamata a yi amfani da kwandunan bamboo mai tsabta da iska mai kyau. Kada a yi amfani da kayan laushi irin su jakunkuna da jakunkuna na yadi. Yayin safarar sabbin ganye, yakamata a sanya su da sauƙi kuma a danna su da sauƙi don rage lalacewar injina.

Tebura1.masu nuna alamar sabbin ganyen shayin Pu-erh

2.Uirements ga farkon samar da rana-bushe koren shayi

Bayan ganyen ganye ya shiga masana'anta don karɓuwa, ana buƙatar a baje su a bushe, kuma wurin bushewa ya kasance mai tsabta da tsabta. Lokacin yadawa, yi amfani da ɗigon bamboo kuma sanya su a kan akwatuna don kula da yanayin iska; kauri daga cikin sabo ne ganye ne 12-15 cm, da kuma yada lokaci ne 4-5 hours. Bayan an gama bushewa, ana sarrafa shi bisa ga tsarin gyarawa, birgima da bushewar rana.

Organic Pu-erhKayan aikin noman shayi na bukatar amfani da makamashi mai tsafta, kuma yana da kyau a yi amfani da injinan kore makamashin lantarki, injinan kore iskar gas da dai sauransu, kuma ba za a yi amfani da itacen gargajiya, wutan gawayi da sauransu ba, ta yadda za a kauce wa kamuwa da wari. a lokacin aikin kore.

Yawan zafin jiki na tukunyar gyaran kafa ya kamata a sarrafa shi a kusan 200 ℃, lokacin gyaran drum ya kamata ya zama 10-12 min, kuma lokacin gyaran hannu ya zama 7-8 min. Bayan kammalawa, yana buƙatar ƙwanƙwasa yayin da yake zafi, gudun mashin ɗin shine 40 ~ 50 r / min, kuma lokacin shine 20 ~ 25 min.

Organic Pu-erhshayi dole ne a bushe ta hanyar bushewar rana; ya kamata a yi shi a cikin bushewa mai tsabta da bushewa ba tare da wari na musamman ba; lokacin bushewar rana shine sa'o'i 4-6, kuma lokacin bushewa yakamata a kula da shi daidai gwargwadon yanayin yanayi, kuma yakamata a sarrafa danshin shayi a cikin 10%; ba a yarda bushewa ba. Busassun soyayyen busassun, ba za a iya bushewa a cikin sararin sama ba.

 3.Fermentation bukatun ga dafaffen shayi

A fermentation na Organic Pu-erhcikakke shayi rungumi dabi'ar kashe-da-ƙasa fermentation. Ganyen shayi ba sa tuntuɓar ƙasa kai tsaye. Ana iya amfani da hanyar kafa katako na katako. An shimfiɗa allon katako a tsayin 20-30 cm daga ƙasa. Babu wani wari na musamman, kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da allunan katako mai fadi, wanda ya fi dacewa da kiyaye ruwa da kuma adana zafi a lokacin aikin fermentation.

Ana rarraba tsarin haifuwa zuwa ruwa mai ɗumi, tara iri ɗaya, tara tarin tsibi, jujjuya tsibi, ɗagawa da toshewa, da bazuwa ya bushe. Domin Organic Pu-erhshayi yana fermented daga ƙasa, kwayoyin fermentation, abun ciki na oxygen, da yanayin zafi na tarin shayi sun bambanta da na al'ada Pu.-hEh cikakke shayi. Ya kamata a kula da abubuwan da ke gaba yayin aikin fermentation.

① Ƙara ruwa zuwa bushe koren shayi don ƙara yawan zafi shine maɓalli na Pu-erhshayi stacking fermentation. Adadin ruwan da aka ƙara yayin fermentation na Organic Pu-erhshayi yana buƙatar sarrafa shi daidai gwargwadon yanayin yanayi, zafi na iska, lokacin fermentation da darajar shayi.

Adadin ruwan da aka ƙara yayin fermentation gabaɗaya ya ɗan yi ƙasa da na Pu-er cikakke shayi. Adadin ruwan da aka ƙara a lokacin fermentation na super-tender kuma na farko-aji Organic bushe-bushewar kore shayi shine 20% ~ 25% na jimlar nauyin shayin, kuma tsayin tudun ya kamata ya zama ƙasa; 2 da 3 A lokacin fermentation, adadin ruwan da aka ƙara zuwa farkon-sa Organic bushe-bushewar kore gashi shayi ne 25% ~ 30% na jimlar nauyi na gashi shayi, da stacking tsawo na iya zama dan kadan mafi girma, amma kada fiye da 45 cm.

A lokacin aikin fermentation, bisa ga yanayin zafi na tarin shayi, ana ƙara ruwa mai tsaka-tsaki a yayin aikin juyawa don tabbatar da cikakken canji na abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin fermentation. Ya kamata a shayar da bitar fermentation kuma a shayar da shi, kuma a kula da yanayin zafi a 65% zuwa 85%.

② Juya tsibin na iya daidaita yanayin zafi da ruwan da ke cikin tulin shayin, yana kara yawan iskar oxygen da ke cikin tarin shayin, sannan kuma yana taka rawa wajen narkar da tubalan shayin.

Organic Pu-er shayi yana da ƙarfi kuma yana da wadata a cikin abun ciki, kuma lokacin fermentation yana da tsayi. Tazarar juyawa yakamata ya ɗan ɗan tsayi. Idan akai la'akari da abubuwa kamar fermentation daga ƙasa, ana juya shi gabaɗaya sau ɗaya kowane kwanaki 11; Duk aikin fermentation yana buƙatar juya sau 3 zuwa 6. Zazzabi na tsaka-tsaki da ƙananan yadudduka ya kamata su kasance daidai da daidaituwa. Idan zafin jiki ya kasance ƙasa da 40 ℃ ko sama da 65 ℃, ya kamata a juya tari cikin lokaci.

Idan kamanni da launin ganyen shayin sun yi ja-ja-ja-ja-ja, miyar shayi ta yi ja-ja-jaja, tsohon kamshin ya yi qarfi, dandanon ya yi laushi da daxi, kuma babu daci ko qarfi, ana iya tarawa domin bushewa.

★Idan ruwan shayin Organic Pu-er bai kai kashi 13 cikin dari ba, ana gama hadawa da dafaffen shayin, wanda zai dauki tsawon kwanaki 40~55.

1.Bukatun gyare-gyare

Babu buƙatar sieving a cikin aikin tace Organic Pu-erhdanyen shayi, wanda zai kara yawan murkushewa, wanda zai haifar da rashin cika tsibiran shayi, kafafu masu nauyi da sauran lahani masu inganci. Ta hanyar kayan aikin tsaftacewa, ana cire sundries, bushes ganye, ƙurar shayi da sauran abubuwa, kuma a ƙarshe ana aiwatar da rarrabuwa ta hannu.

Tsarin tacewa na Organic Pu-erhshayi yana buƙatar tacewa. Hanyar nunin na'ura mai girgizawa da na'urar allon madauwari mai fa'ida suna haɗuwa da juna, kuma an shirya allon daidai da kauri na kayan. Ana buƙatar cire kan shayi da shayi mai fashe yayin sieving, amma babu buƙatar bambanta adadin tashoshi da grading. , sa'an nan kuma cire sundries ta hanyar electrostatic tsaftacewa inji, daidaita yawan lokutan wucewa ta hanyar electrostatic tsaftacewa inji bisa ga tsabta na shayi, da kuma iya kai tsaye shigar da manual warwarewa bayan electrostatic tsaftacewa.

1.Marufi marufi buƙatun fasaha

Dayan kayan da aka tace na Organic Pu-erhana iya amfani da shayi kai tsaye don dannawa. The mai ladabi Organic Pu-erhdafaffen albarkatun shayi suna tafiya ta hanyar fermentation, abubuwan da ke cikin pectin a cikin ganyen shayi suna raguwa, kuma tasirin haɗin gwiwar sandunan shayi yana raguwa. Kunna colloid yana taimakawa wajen gyare-gyaren matsawa.

Organic Pu-er premium shayi, albarkatun shayi na farko,su ne mafi girma maki, adadin ruwan da aka ƙara a lokacin raƙuman ruwa ya kai kashi 6 zuwa 8% na nauyin busasshen shayi; na shayi na aji biyu da uku, adadin ruwan da aka zuba a lokacin rafi ya kai kashi 10 zuwa 12% na nauyin busasshen shayin.

★Danyen kayan shayi na Pu-er ya kamata a sarrafa su cikin sa'o'i 6 bayan ruwan tekun, kuma kada a sanya shi na dogon lokaci, don kada ya haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa ko haifar da wari mara kyau kamar ɗanɗano da tsami a ƙarƙashin aikin damp. zafi, don tabbatar da ingancin bukatun kwayoyin shayi.

Tsarin latsawa na Organic Pu-erhAna yin shayin ne domin auna nauyi, zafi mai zafi (tumushi), siffata, latsawa, yadawa, tarwatsewa, da bushewar zafi.

·A cikin tsarin aunawa, Domin tabbatar da isasshen abun ciki na kayan da aka gama, ya zama dole a yi la'akari da yawan amfani da tsarin samar da kayan aiki, kuma ya kamata a daidaita yawan ma'auni daidai da danshi na ganyen shayi.

·A lokacin zafi mai zafi, Tun da albarkatun kayan lambu na Pu-erh shayi suna da ɗanɗano mai laushi, lokacin tururi bai kamata ya yi tsayi da yawa ba, don haka ganyen shayi za a iya yin laushi, gabaɗaya suna yin tururi don 10 ~ 15 s.

· Kafin dannawa, daidaita matsi na injin, danna yayin da yake zafi, kuma sanya shi a cikin murabba'i don kauce wa kauri da aka gama. Lokacin dannawa, ana iya rage shi don 3 ~ 5 s bayan saiti, kuma bai dace da saitin na dogon lokaci ba.

· Samfurin da aka gama shayi na iya zama demouldded bayan ya huce.

Ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙananan zafin jiki don jinkirin bushewa, kuma ya kamata a sarrafa zafin bushewa a 45 ~ 55 ° C. Tsarin bushewa ya kamata ya dogara ne akan ka'idar farko low sannan kuma babba. A cikin sa'o'i 12 na farko na bushewa, ya kamata a yi amfani da bushewa a hankali. Zazzabi bai kamata ya zama da sauri ko sauri ba. A cikin yanayin zafi na ciki, yana da sauƙi don haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa, kuma dukan tsarin bushewa yana ɗaukar 60 ~ 72 hours.

Tea na ganyen da aka gama da shi bayan bushewa yana buƙatar yada shi kuma a sanyaya shi tsawon sa'o'i 6-8, danshin kowane bangare yana daidaitawa, kuma ana iya tattara shi bayan an duba cewa danshin ya kai daidai. Kayan marufi na Organic Pu-erhshayi ya kamata ya kasance mai aminci da tsabta, kuma kayan tattarawa na ciki dole ne su cika buƙatun marufi na kayan abinci. na halitta) tambarin abinci. Idan zai yiwu, ya kamata a yi la'akari da ɓacin rai da sake yin amfani da kayan marufi

1.Abubuwan da ake buƙata na Adana da jigilar kaya

Bayan an kammala aikin, ya kamata a adana shi a cikin ɗakin ajiya a cikin lokaci, a ajiye shi a kan pallet, kuma a raba shi daga ƙasa, zai fi dacewa 15-20 cm daga ƙasa. Dangane da gwaninta, mafi kyawun zafin jiki na ajiya shine 24 ~ 27 ℃, kuma zafi shine 48% ~ 65%. A lokacin tsarin ajiya na Organic Pu-erh, Ya kamata a bambanta da sauran samfurori kuma kada a shafe shi da wasu abubuwa. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da rumbun ajiya na musamman, a sarrafa ta ta wani mutum na musamman, kuma a yi rikodin bayanan ciki da waje daki-daki, da yanayin zafi da zafi a cikin ɗakin ajiyar.

Hanyoyin jigilar kwayoyin halitta Pu-erhshayi ya kamata ya kasance mai tsabta kuma ya bushe kafin lodawa, kuma kada a haɗa shi ko gurɓata shi da sauran teas yayin sufuri; a lokacin sufuri da lodi da saukewa, alamar takardar shaidar shayi na kwayoyin halitta da umarnin da ke da alaƙa a kan marufi na waje ba dole ba ne a lalace.

1.Bambanci tsakanin tsarin samar da kwayoyin shayi na Pu-erh da shayi na Pu-erh na al'ada.

Tebur na 2 ya lissafa bambance-bambance a cikin mahimman matakai a cikin tsarin samar da kwayoyin halitta Pu-erhshayi da na al'ada Pu-erhshayi. Ana iya ganin cewa samarwa da sarrafa tafiyar matakai na Organic Pu-erhshayi da na al'ada Pu-erhshayi ne quite daban-daban, da kuma sarrafa Organic Pu-erhshayi ba kawai yana buƙatar tsauraran ƙa'idodin fasaha ba, A lokaci guda, yana da mahimmanci don samun sautin kwayoyin halitta Pu-erhsarrafa tsarin ganowa.

 Table 2.Bambanci tsakanin tsarin samar da kwayoyin shayi na Pu-erh da shayi na Pu-erh na al'ada.

03 Epilogue

Kogin Lancang na lardin Yunnan yana kewaye da tsaunukan shayi da dama. Halin yanayin muhalli na musamman na waɗannan tsaunukan shayi ya haifar da rashin ƙazanta, kore da lafiya Pu-erhkayayyakin shayi, kuma sun ba da Organic Pu-erhshayi tare da dabi'a, ilimin halitta na asali da yanayin haihuwa mara gurɓatacce. Ya kamata a sami tsauraran ƙa'idodin tsabtace samarwa da ƙa'idodin fasaha a cikin samar da kwayoyin halitta Pu-erhshayi. A halin yanzu, buƙatar kasuwa don Organic Pu-erhshayi yana karuwa kowace shekara, amma sarrafa kwayoyin Pu-erhshayi yana da ɗan ruɗani kuma ba shi da ƙa'idodin fasaha iri ɗaya. Sabili da haka, bincike da tsara ƙa'idodin fasaha don samarwa da sarrafa kwayoyin halitta Pu-erhshayi zai zama matsala ta farko da za a warware a cikin ci gaban kwayoyin Pu-erhshayi a nan gaba.