Yanke itacen shayi

Gudanar da bishiyar shayi tana nufin jerin matakan noma da sarrafa itacen shayi, da suka haɗa da datsa, sarrafa jikin bishiyar, da sarrafa ruwa da taki a cikin lambunan shayi, da nufin haɓaka yawan amfanin shayi da inganci da haɓaka amfanin gonar shayi.

Yanke itacen shayi

A lokacin ci gaban aiwatar da bishiyar shayi, suna da fa'ida a bayyane. Pruning na iya daidaita rarraba abinci mai gina jiki, inganta tsarin bishiyar, haɓaka yawan rassa, don haka inganta inganci da yawan amfanin shayi.

Duk da haka, ba a gyara dasa bishiyoyin shayi ba. Wajibi ne a sassauƙa zaɓi hanyoyin datsawa da lokaci bisa ga nau'ikan, matakin girma, da takamaiman yanayin noman bishiyar shayi, ƙayyade zurfin dasawa da mita, tabbatar da ci gaban bishiyoyin shayi mai kyau, haɓaka sabon girma harbi, da haɓaka ingancin shayi da yawan amfanin ƙasa. .

Yanke itacen shayi (1)

Tsayawa matsakaici

Matsakaiciyankan shayiya kamata a gudanar da shi bisa la’akari da halaye masu girma da ma’auni na ganyen shayi don kiyaye tazara mai ma’ana tsakanin itatuwan shayi da kuma inganta ci gabansu.

Yanke itacen shayi (3)

Bayan siffa da pruning.kananan bishiyoyin shayizai iya sarrafa girma da yawa a saman bishiyar shayi, inganta haɓakar reshe na gefe, ƙara faɗin bishiyar, da kuma taimakawa wajen balaga da wuri da yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Dominbalagagge bishiyoyin shayigirbe sau da yawa, kambi surface ne m. Don inganta ingancin buds da ganye, ana amfani da pruning mai haske don cire 3-5 cm na koren ganye da rassan da ba su dace ba a saman kambi, don haɓaka germination na sabbin harbe.

Yanke itacen shayi (2)

Light pruning da zurfin pruning nabishiyoyin shayi matasa da matsakaitan shekaruna iya cire “reshen kambin kajin”, sanya kambin saman bishiyar shayin ya faɗi, faɗaɗa faɗin bishiyar, hana haɓakar haifuwa, haɓaka haɓakar sinadirai na bishiyar shayi, haɓaka ƙarfin tsiro na itacen shayi, don haka ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa. Yawancin lokaci, ana aiwatar da tsintsin zurfi a kowace shekara 3-5, ta yin amfani da injin daskarewa don cire 10-15 cm na rassan da ganye a saman kambin bishiyar. Itacen rawanin da aka datse yana lanƙwasa don haɓaka ƙarfin tsirowar rassan.

Domintsufa bishiyoyin shayi, pruning za a iya za'ayi gaba daya canza bishiyar kambi tsarin. Tsawon tsayin bishiyar shayi gabaɗaya yana 8-10 cm sama da ƙasa, kuma yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa yankan gefen yana karkata da santsi don haɓaka germination na latent buds a tushen bishiyar shayi.

Yanke itacen shayi (6)

Kulawa da kyau

Bayan datsa, yawan amfani da bishiyar shayi zai karu sosai. Lokacin da bishiyoyin shayi ba su da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki, ko da datsa su kawai za su ci abinci mai gina jiki, ta yadda za su hanzarta raguwa.

Bayan dasawa a cikin lambun shayi a cikin kaka, takin gargajiya da potassium phosphorustakiza a iya amfani da shi a hade tare da zurfi mai zurfi tsakanin layuka a cikin lambun shayi. Gabaɗaya, a kowane murabba'in murabba'in mita 667 na lambunan shayi balagagge, ana buƙatar ƙarin kilo 1500 ko fiye na takin gargajiya, tare da kilogiram 40-60 na phosphorus da takin potassium, don tabbatar da cewa bishiyar shayi ta warke sosai kuma ta girma. lafiya. Ya kamata a gudanar da takin bisa ga ainihin girmar bishiyoyin shayi, tare da kula da ma'auni na nitrogen, phosphorus, da potassium, da kuma amfani da aikin takin mai magani don ba da damar dasa bishiyoyin shayi don dawo da noma cikin sauri.

Yanke itacen shayi (4)

Don bishiyoyin shayi waɗanda aka yi daidai da tsatsa, ya kamata a ɗauki ka'idar "ci gaba da girbi kaɗan", tare da noma a matsayin babban abin da ake mayar da hankali da girbi a matsayin kari; Bayan dasawa mai zurfi, bishiyoyin shayi na manya ya kamata su riƙe wasu rassan bisa ga takamaiman matakin yankan, kuma su ƙarfafa rassan ta hanyar riƙewa. A kan haka, a datse rassan na biyu waɗanda za su yi girma daga baya don noma sabbin wuraren zaɓe. Yawanci, itatuwan shayin da aka datse sosai suna buƙatar kiyaye shi tsawon yanayi 1-2 kafin a shiga matakin girbi mai haske kuma a mayar da su cikin samarwa. Yin watsi da aikin kulawa ko yawan girbi bayan dasawa na iya haifar da raguwar ci gaban bishiyar shayi da wuri.

Bayanyankan bishiyoyin shayi, raunukan suna da saukin kamuwa da mamayewa daga kwayoyin cuta da kwari. A lokaci guda kuma, sabbin harbe da aka datsa suna kula da taushi mai kyau da rassa masu ƙarfi da ganye, suna ba da yanayi mai kyau don haɓakar kwari da cututtuka. Saboda haka, kula da kwaro a kan lokaci yana da mahimmanci bayan dasa bishiyar shayi.

Yanke itacen shayi (5)

Bayan datsa bishiyar shayi, raunukan suna iya kamuwa da mamayar kwayoyin cuta da kwari. A lokaci guda kuma, sabbin harbe da aka datsa suna kula da taushi mai kyau da rassa masu ƙarfi da ganye, suna ba da yanayi mai kyau don haɓakar kwari da cututtuka. Saboda haka, kula da kwaro a kan lokaci yana da mahimmanci bayan dasa bishiyar shayi.

Ga bishiyar shayin da aka datse ko daskare, musamman manyan nau'in ganyen da ake nomawa a kudu, yana da kyau a fesa cakuda Bordeaux ko fungicides a kan yankan gefen don guje wa kamuwa da rauni. Don bishiyar shayi a cikin sake farfadowa na sabon harbe, rigakafin lokaci da sarrafa kwari da cututtuka irin su aphids, leafhoppers shayi, geometrids shayi, da tsatsa shayi a kan sabbin harbe ya zama dole don tabbatar da ci gaban al'ada na sabbin harbe.

 


Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-08-2024